khó thật

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có: 

\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{y^2}\cdot\frac{y^2}{x^2}}=2\)

\(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}\cdot\frac{y}{x}}=2\Rightarrow3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\ge6\)

Cộng theo vế 2 BĐT trên ta có:\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\ge2-6=-4 \)

\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+5\ge-4+5=1\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y\)

Đặt \(t=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}>0\Rightarrow t^2=\left(\frac{x}{y}-\frac{y}{x}\right)^2+4\ge4\Rightarrow t\ge2\)

\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}=t^2-2\)

\(\Rightarrow B=2\left(t^2-2\right)-5t+6=2t^2-5t+2\)

\(B=\left(2t-1\right)\left(t-2\right)\)

Do \(t\ge2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2t-1>0\\t-2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow B\ge0\)

\(B_{min}=0\) khi \(t=2\) hay \(x=y\)

\(A\)xác định \(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+1+\left(x^2-y\right)\left(1-y\right)\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+1+x^2-x^2y-y+y^2\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2y^2+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)-\left(x^2y+y\right)\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2\left(x^2+1\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)-y\left(x^2+1\right)\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2-y+1\right)\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left[\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]\ne0\)

Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1>0\forall x\\\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\forall y\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left[\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]>0\forall x;y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left[\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]\ne0\forall x;y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A\ne0\forall x;y\)

\(Q=\left[\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x^{10}}{y^2}+\frac{y^{10}}{x^2}\right)-x^4y^4\right]+\left[\frac{1}{4}\left(x^{16}+y^{16}\right)-2x^2y^2\right]-1\)

 \(\ge\left(\frac{1}{2}2\sqrt{\frac{x^{10}}{y^2}\cdot\frac{y^{10}}{x^2}}-x^4y^4\right)+\left[\frac{2x^8y^8}{4}-2x^2y^2\right]-1\)

\(\ge\frac{x^8y^8}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-2x^2y^2-\frac{3}{2}-1\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{x^8y^8}{2.2.2.2}}-\frac{3}{2}-1=2x^2y^2-2x^2y^2-\frac{5}{2}=-\frac{5}{2}\)

Vậy min Q = -5/2 tại x = y = +-1 

Còn cách đặt ẩn phụ thế này: 

\(Q=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x^{10}}{y^2}+\frac{y^{10}}{x^2}\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(x^{16}+y^{16}\right)-\left(1+x^2y^2\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{2}.2\sqrt{\frac{x^{10}}{y^2}.\frac{y^{10}}{x^2}}+\frac{1}{4}.2\sqrt{x^{16}.y^{16}}-\left(x^4y^4+2x^2y^2+1\right)\)\(=\frac{x^8y^8}{2}-4x^2y^2-2\)

Đặt x²y² = t >= 0. Khi đó:

\(2Q=t^4-4t-2=\left(t^4-2t^2+1\right)+2\left(t^2-2t+1\right)+5=\left(t^2-1\right)^2+2\left(t-1\right)^2+5\ge5\Rightarrow Q\ge\frac{5}{2}\)Xảy ra đẳng thức khi và chỉ khi x = y =+-1

bạn vào câu hỏi tương tự xem bài của Ngô Thị Thu Trang nhé, Mr.Lazy giải rồi đó

http://olm.vn/hoi-dap/question/147426.html

Đặt S=\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{xy}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2+y^2}{xy}+2\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cosi ta có: \(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Leftrightarrow xy< \frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\)

Do đó \(S\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2}\cdot\frac{4\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)^2}}+2=6\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y

Vậy Min_S=6 đạt được khi x=y

Ta có: 

\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{xy}\)

= \(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy}\)

\(\ge\left(x+y\right)^2.\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\frac{4xy}{2xy}=6\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y 

Vậy min \(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{xy}\)= 6 đạt tại x = y.