PTHH: \(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)

            \(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{CuCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{CuO}\\n_{NaOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)=n_{NaCl}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\cdot98=19,6\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,2\cdot80=16\left(g\right)\\m_{NaCl}=0,4\cdot58,5=23,4\left(g\right)\\C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot40}{200}\cdot100\%=8\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.10\%}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)

bđ:           0,3           0,5                

pứ:          0,25          0,5             0,5             0,25

[    ]:        0,05          0                 0,5             0,25

\(PTHH:Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)

(mol)         0,25            0,25

\(a.m_C=80.0,25=20\left(g\right)\)

\(b.m_{NaCl}=58,5.0,5=29,25\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,25.98=24,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{CuCl_2\left(du\right)}=135.0,05=6,75\left(g\right)\)

\(c.m_{ddspu}=100+200-24,5=275,5\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddCuCl_2\left(du\right)}=\dfrac{135.0,05}{275,5}.100=2,45\left(\%\right)\\ C\%_{ddNaCl}=\dfrac{0,5.58,5}{275,25}.100=10,62\left(\%\right)\)

\(n_{CuSO_4}=2.0,34=0,68(mol)\\ a,CuSO_4+2NaOH\to Na_2SO_4+Cu(OH)_2\downarrow\\ Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,68(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,68.98=66,64(g)\\ b,n_{CuO}=0,68(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,68.80=54,4(g)\\ c,V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{200}{1,25}=160(ml)\\ n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.32\%}{100\%.40}=1,6(mol)\)

Vì \(\dfrac{n_{CuSO_4}}{1}<\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{2}\) nên \(NaOH\) dư

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH(dư)}=1,6-0,68.2=0,24(mol); n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,68(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C_{M_{NaOH(dư)}}=\dfrac{0,24}{0,16}=1,5M\\ C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,68}{0,16}=4,25M \end{cases}\)

a.CuCl2 + 2NaOH -> Cu(OH)2 + 2NaCl

     0.15        0.3            0.15            0.3

Cu(OH)2 -> CuO + H2O

  0.15            0.15

nNaOH = 0.3 mol

\(CM_{CuCl2}=\dfrac{0.15}{2}=0.075M\)

b.Vdd sau phản ứng = 0.2 + 0.15 = 0.35l

\(CM_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0.3}{0.35}=0.86M\)

c.mCuO = \(0.15\times80=12g\)

a) mNaOH= 200.20%= 40(g)

=>nNaOH=1(mol)

PTHH: 2 NaOH + CuCl2 -> 2 NaCl + Cu(OH)2

Dung dịch sau khi lọc kết tủa có NaCl.

nNaCl=nNaOH= 1(mol)

nCuCl2=nCu(OH)2=nNaOH/2=1/2=0,5(mol)

mNaCl=1.58,5=58,5(g)

mCuCl2=0,5.135=67,5(g)

=> mddCuCl2=(67,5.100)/10=675(g)

mCu(OH)2=0,5.98=49(g)

=>mddNaCl=mddNaOH+ mddCuCl2 - mCu(OH)2= 200+675 - 98=777(g)

=> \(C\%ddNaCl=\dfrac{58,5}{777}.100\approx7,529\%\)

b) PTHH: Cu(OH)2 -to-> CuO + H2O

0,5__________________0,5(mol)

m(rắn)=mCuO=0,5.80=4(g)

a) \(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)

b) \(n_{CuSO_4}=0,4.1=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{40}{40}=1\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) => CuSO₄ hết, NaOH dư

PTHH: CuSO₄ + 2NaOH --> Cu(OH)₂ + Na₂SO₄

_______0,4----->0,8---------->0,4-------->0,4

Cu(OH)₂ --t^o--> CuO + H₂O

0,4------------->0,4

=> m_CuO = 0,4.80 = 32 (g)

c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=\left(1-0,8\right).40=8\left(g\right)\\m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,4.142=56,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) $n_{FeCl_3} = 0,5.3 = 1,5(mol) ; n_{NaOH} = 0,3.2 = 0,6(mol)$

$FeCl_3 + 3NaOH \to Fe(OH)_3 + 3NaCl$

Ta thấy :

$n_{FeCl_3} : 1 > n_{NaOH} : 3$ nên $FeCl_3 $ dư

$n_{Fe(OH)_3} = n_{NaOH} : 3 = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Fe(OH)_3} = 0,2.107 = 21,4(gam)$

b) $2Fe(OH)_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2O$
$n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe(OH)_3} = 0,1(mol)$
$a = 0,1.160 = 16(gam)$

\(n_{CuCl_2}=2.0,2=0,4(mol)\\ n_{NaOH}=2.0,2=0,4(mol)\\ a,CuCl_2+2NaOH\to Cu(OH)_2+2NaCl\\ Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ b,\dfrac{n_{CuCl_2}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{2}\Rightarrow CuCl_2\text{ dư}\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16(g)\\ c,n_{CuCl_2(dư)}=0,4-0,2=0,2(mol)\\n_{NaCl}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuCl_2(dư)}=0,2.135=27(g)\\ m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7(g)\)