Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

0.2     0.4         0.2        0.2

\(nHCl=0.2\times2=0.4mol\)

a.\(m=0.2\times24=4.8g\); \(V=0.2\times22.4=4.48l\)

b.MgCl2 + 2NaOH -> Mg(OH)2 + NaCl 

    0.2                              0.2

\(mNaOH=20\%\times100=20g\Rightarrow nNaOH=0.5mol\)

=> MgCl2 hết, NaOH dư

\(mMg\left(OH\right)2=0.2\times58=11.6g\)

- Thấy Cu không phản ứng với HCl .

\(\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{Cu}=6,4\left(g\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

.x.......................................1,5x.........

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

.y....................................y.............

Theo bài ra ta có hệ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y+6,4=17,4\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=5,4\\m_{Fe}=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\) ( g )

b, \(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)

.......0,1.........0,2...............................

\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)

...0,2.......0,6..........................

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,2+0,6=0,8< 1\)

=> Trong B còn có HCl dư .

\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

...0,2..........0,2....................

=> Dư 0,2 mol HCl .

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}+0,2=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddB}=17,4+250-6,4-0,8=260,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{260,2}.100\%\approx2,8\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}\approx4,88\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}\approx10,26\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ....

a) PTHH: \(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

b) Ta có: \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,2\cdot95=19\left(g\right)\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot36,5}{200}\cdot100\%=7,3\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{MgO}+m_{ddHCl}=208\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{19}{208}\cdot100\%\approx9,13\%\)

c) PTHH: \(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot4\%}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) NaOH p/ứ hết, MgCl₂ còn dư

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,2\cdot58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}=9,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot58=5,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{ddA}+m_{ddNaOH}-m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=402,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{11,7}{402,2}\cdot100\%\approx2,91\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{9,5}{402,2}\cdot100\%\approx2,36\%\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Theo gt ta có: $n_{MgO}=0,2(mol)$

a, $MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O$

b, Ta có: $n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)\Rightarrow x=7,3$

Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: $m_{ddA}=208(g)$

$\Rightarrow \%C_{MgCl_2}=9,13\%$

c, Ta có: $n_{NaOH}=0,2(mol)$

$\Rightarrow n_{Mg(OH)_2}=0,1(mol)$

Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: $m_{ddB}=208+200-0,1.58=402,2(g)$

$\Rightarrow \%C_{MgCl_2}=2,36\%$

a)

$MgO + 2HCl \to MgCl_2  + H_2O$

b)

$n_{MgO} = \dfrac{8}{40} = 0,2(mol)$

$n_{HCl} = 2n_{MgO} = 0,4(mol)$

$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,4.36,5}{200}.100\% = 7,3\%$

(x = 7,3)

$m_{dd\ A} = 8 + 200 = 208(gam)$
$C\%_{MgCl_2} = \dfrac{0,2.95}{208}.100\% = 9,13\%$

a)

$K_2SO_4 + BaCl_2 \to BaSO_4 + 2KCl$

b)

$n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)$
$n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$

Ta thấy : 

$n_{K_2SO_4} : 1 > n_{BaCl_2} : 1$ nên $K_2SO_4$ dư

$n_{BaSO_4} = n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{BaSO_4} = 0,3.233 = 69,9(gam)$

c) $n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1(mol)$

$V_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5(lít)$

$C_{M_{K_2SO_4} } = \dfrac{0,1}{0,5} = 0,2M$
$C_{M_{KCl}} = \dfrac{0,6}{0,5} = 1,2M$

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)

=> Chất rắn B gồm Na2O, MgO, Cu, Fe .

\(Na_2O+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O\)

\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

=> Dung dịch C gồm HCl dư, NaCl, MgCl2, FeCl2 .

=> Chất rắn D là Cu .

\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_2\)

\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\)

=> Dung dịch E là NaOH dư, NaCl

=> Kết tủa F là : Mg(OH)2, Fe(OH)2 .

\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow MgO+H_2O\)

\(Fe\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow FeO+H_2O\)

\(4FeO+O_2\rightarrow2Fe_2O_3\)

=> G là MgO và Fe2O3

\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)

\(2NaOH+CuCl_2\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)

=> M là Cu(OH)2, CuO , Fe2O3, MgO