12.C

13.C

5x2 (x – 2y)– 15x(x – 2y) = x.5x(x - 2y) - 3.5x(x - 2y)

= (x - 3).5x(x - 2y)

b) x3 - 6x2 + 12x – 8 = x3 - 3.x2.2 + 3.x.22 - 23 = (x – 2)3

\(12x+15x^2y=3x.4+3x.5xy=3x\left(4+5xy\right)\)

\(\text{Vậy } 12x + 15x^2y=3x(4+5xy)\)

Bài 1:

\(1,Sửa:x^3-2x^2+x=x\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=x\left(x-1\right)^2\\ 2,=6\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)=6\left(x+y\right)^2\\ 3,=2y\left(y^2+4y+4\right)=2y\left(y+2\right)^2\\ 4,=5\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)=5\left(x-y\right)^2\)

Bài 2:

\(1,=x\left(x^2-64\right)=x\left(x-8\right)\left(x+8\right)\\ 2,=2y\left(4x^2-9\right)=2y\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)\\ 3,=3\left(x^3-1\right)=3\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)

Bài 3:

\(a,=5\left(x^2+2x+1-y^2\right)=5\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\right]=5\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\\ b,=3x\left(x^2-2x+1-4y^2\right)=3x\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-4y^2\right]\\ =3x\left(x-2y-1\right)\left(x+2y-1\right)\\ c,=ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+b\right)^2\\ =\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2b-ab^2+a+b\right)\\ d,=2x\left(x^2-y^2-4x+4\right)=2x\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-y^2\right]\\ =2x\left(x-y-2\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)

Bài 1;

1) \(x^3-2x-x=x\left(x^2-2x-1\right)\)

2) \(6x^2+12xy+6y^2=6\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)=6\left(x+y\right)^2\)

3) \(2y^3+8y^3+8y=10y^3+8y=2y\left(5y^2+4\right)\)

4) \(5x^2-10xy+5y^2=5\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)=5\left(x-y\right)^2\)

Bài 2:

1) \(x^3-64x=x\left(x^2-64\right)=x\left(x-8\right)\left(x+8\right)\)

2) \(8x^2y-18y=2y\left(4x^2-9\right)=2y\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)\)

3) \(24x^3-3=3\left(8x^3-1\right)=3\left(2x-1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)\)

Bài 3:

1) \(5x^2+10x+5-5y^2=5\left(x^2+2x+1-y^2\right)=5\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-y\right]=5\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\)

2) \(3x^3-6x^2+3x-12xy^2=3x\left(x^2-2x+1-4y^2\right)=3x\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\right]=3x\left(x-2y-1\right)\left(x+2y-1\right)\)

3) \(a^3b-ab^3+a^2+2ab+b^2=ab\left(a^2-b^2\right)+\left(a+b\right)^2=ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+b\right)^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2b-ab^2+a+b\right)\)

4) \(2x^3-2xy^2-8x^2+8xy=2x\left(x^2-y^2-4x+4y\right)=2x\left[\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-4\left(x-y\right)\right]=2x\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-4\right)\)

a) Ta có \(6x^2-15x+9=3.\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)=3.\left(2x^2-2x^2-3x+3\right)\)

\(=3.\left[2x.\left(x-1\right)-3.\left(x-1\right)\right]=3.\left(2x-3\right).\left(x-1\right)\)

b) Ta có \(5x^2+12x+7=5x^2+5x+7x+7=5x.\left(x+1\right)+7.\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(5x+7\right)\)

a) \(6x^2-15x+9\)

\(=3\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)\)

\(=3\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-3\right)\)

b) \(5x^2+12x+7\)

\(=\left(5x^2+5x\right)+\left(7x+7\right)\)

\(=5x\left(x+1\right)+7\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(5x+7\right)\)

a: \(50x^5-8x^3\)

\(=2x^3\left(25x^2-4\right)\)

\(=2x^3\left(5x-2\right)\left(5x+2\right)\)

b: \(x^4-5x^2-4y^2+10y\)

\(=\left(x^2-2y\right)\left(x^2+2y\right)-5\left(x^2-2y\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2-2y\right)\left(x^2+2y-5\right)\)

c: \(36a^2+12a+1-b^2\)

\(=\left(6a+1\right)^2-b^2\)

\(=\left(6a+1-b\right)\left(6a+1+b\right)\)

d: \(x^3+y^3-xy^2-x^2y\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-xy\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\cdot\left(x-y\right)^2\)

e: Ta có: \(4x^2+4x-3\)

\(=4x^2+6x-2x-3\)

\(=2x\left(2x+3\right)-\left(2x+3\right)\)

\(=\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)

f: Ta có: \(9x^4+16x^2-4\)

\(=9x^4+18x^2-2x^2-4\)

\(=9x^2\left(x^2+2\right)-2\left(x^2+2\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+2\right)\left(9x^2-2\right)\)

g: Ta có: \(-6x^2+5xy+4y^2\)

\(=-6x^2+8xy-3xy+4y^2\)

\(=-2x\left(3x-4y\right)-y\left(3x-4y\right)\)

\(=\left(3x-4y\right)\left(-2x-y\right)\)

h: Ta có: \(\left(x^2+4x\right)^2+8\left(x^2+4x\right)+15\)

\(=\left(x^2+4x\right)^2+3\left(x^2+4x\right)+5\left(x^2+4x\right)+15\)

\(=\left(x^2+4x+3\right)\cdot\left(x^2+4x+5\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+4x+5\right)\)

c) \(5x^2+3y+15x+xy=5x\left(x+3\right)+y\left(x+3\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(5x+y\right)\)

d) \(x^2+6x+9-y^2=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+3-y\right)\left(x+3+y\right)\)

e) \(x^2-y^2+2x+1=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)

f) \(x^2-2xy-9+y^2=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-9=\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)

c: \(5x^2+15x+3y+xy\)

\(=5x\left(x+3\right)+y\left(x+3\right)\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(5x+y\right)\)

d: \(x^2+6x+9-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+3-y\right)\left(x+3+y\right)\)

e: \(x^2+2x+1-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)

f: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-9\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-9\)

\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)

Bài 2: 

a: \(x^2+5x-6=\left(x+6\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

b: \(5x^2+5xy-x-y\)

\(=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)

c:\(-6x^2+7x-2\)

\(=-6x^2+3x+4x-2\)

\(=-3x\left(2x-1\right)+2\left(2x-1\right)\)

\(=\left(2x-1\right)\left(-3x+2\right)\)

1.

a) \(=x^2\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=x^2\left(x+1\right)^2\)

b) \(=\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-1\right]\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\)

c) \(=5\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-4z^2\right]=5\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2\right]\)

\(=5\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\)

2.

a) \(=x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

b) \(=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)

c) \(=-\left[3x\left(2x-1\right)-2\left(2x-1\right)\right]=-\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x-2\right)\)

3.

b) \(=2x\left(x-1\right)+5\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+5\right)\)

c) \(=-\left[5x\left(x-3\right)-1\left(x-3\right)\right]=-\left(x-3\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)

4.

a) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(5x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\Rightarrow2\left(x+5\right)-x\left(x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(2-x\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)