Câu 1:

Tìm max:

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky ta có:

\(y^2=(3\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{5-x})^2\leq (3^2+4^2)(x-1+5-x)\)

\(\Rightarrow y^2\leq 100\Rightarrow y\leq 10\)

Vậy \(y_{\max}=10\)

Dấu đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{3}=\frac{\sqrt{5-x}}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{61}{25}\)

Tìm min:

Ta có bổ đề sau: Với $a,b\geq 0$ thì \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\geq \sqrt{a+b}\)

Chứng minh:

\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\geq \sqrt{a+b}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^2\geq a+b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{ab}\geq 0\) (luôn đúng).

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $ab=0$

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Áp dụng bổ đề trên vào bài toán ta có:

\(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{5-x}\geq \sqrt{(x-1)+(5-x)}=2\)

\(\sqrt{5-x}\geq 0\)

\(\Rightarrow y=3(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{5-x})+\sqrt{5-x}\geq 3.2+0=6\)

Vậy $y_{\min}=6$

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} (x-1)(5-x)=0\\ 5-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=5\)

Bài 2:

\(A=\sqrt{(x-1994)^2}+\sqrt{(x+1995)^2}=|x-1994|+|x+1995|\)

Áp dụng BĐT dạng \(|a|+|b|\geq |a+b|\) ta có:

\(A=|x-1994|+|x+1995|=|1994-x|+|x+1995|\geq |1994-x+x+1995|=3989\)

Vậy \(A_{\min}=3989\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \((1994-x)(x+1995)\geq 0\Leftrightarrow -1995\leq x\leq 1994\)

Bài 3:

Ta thấy:

\(2x-x^2+7=8-(x^2-2x+1)=8-(x-1)^2\leq 8, \forall x\in\mathbb{R}\)

\(\Rightarrow 2+\sqrt{2x-x^2+7}\leq 2+\sqrt{8}=2+2\sqrt{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{3}{2+\sqrt{2x-x^2+7}}\geq \frac{3}{2+2\sqrt{2}}\)

Vậy GTNN của $B$ là \(\frac{3}{2+2\sqrt{2}}\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra tại \((x-1)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

\(\left(1+\sqrt{1993}\right).\sqrt{1994-2\sqrt{1993}}\)

\(=\left(1+\sqrt{1993}\right).\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{1993}\right)^2-2.\sqrt{1993}+1}\)

\(=\left(1+\sqrt{1993}\right).\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{1993}-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\left(1+\sqrt{1993}\right).\left(\sqrt{1993}-1\right)\)

\(=1992\)

ai tích mình mình tích lại cho

ko biết

\(A=\left|2021-x\right|+\dfrac{1}{2}\left|4040-2x\right|\)

\(A=\left|2021-x\right|+\left|2020-x\right|\)

\(A=\left|2021-x\right|+\left|x-2020\right|\ge\left|2021-x+x-2020\right|=1\)

\(A_{min}=1\) khi \(2020\le x\le2021\)

A= \(|\sqrt{x^2}+\sqrt{1}-9|+|\sqrt{x^2}+\sqrt{1}-12|\)

A=\(|x+1-9|+|x+1-12|\)

A=\(|x-8|+|x-11|\)

TH1: x<0

=> A= (-x)-8 + (-x) -11

A=(-x-x)-(8+11)

A=-2x-19

TH2:x>0

=> A=x-8+x-11

A=(x+x)-(8+11)

A=2x-19

Tương tự x=0 sau đấy cậu KL nhé, phần sau mình lười

Áp dụng BĐT \(\left|x\right|+\left|y\right|\ge\left|x+y\right|\):

\(\left|\sqrt{x^2+1}-9\right|+\left|\sqrt{x^2+1}-12\right|\)\(=\left|\sqrt{x^2+1}-9\right|+\left|12-\sqrt{x^2+1}\right|\)

\(\ge\left|\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}-9\right)+\left(12-\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)\right|=3\)

Vậy \(A_{min}=3\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}-9\right)\left(12-\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)\ge0\)

\(TH1:\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x^2+1}-9\ge0\\12-\sqrt{x^2+1}\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1\ge81\\x^2+1\le144\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2\ge80\\x^2\le143\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{80}\le x\le\sqrt{143}\\-\sqrt{80}\ge x\ge-\sqrt{143}\end{cases}}\)

\(TH2:\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x^2+1}-9\le0\\12-\sqrt{x^2+1}\le0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1\le81\\x^2+1\ge144\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2\le80\\x^2\ge143\end{cases}}\left(L\right)\)

Lời giải:
\(P=\left[\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{(\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt{x}-1)}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)}\right]:\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

\(=\left[\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right].\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}.\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

b. Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM

\(M=P\sqrt{x}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{x-1+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\sqrt{x}+1+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=(\sqrt{x}-1)+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+2\geq 2\sqrt{(\sqrt{x}-1).\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}}+2=2+2=4\)

Vậy $M_{\min}=4$ khi $\sqrt{x}-1=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}$

$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}-1=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=1$