a) \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)

\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow CuO+H_2O\)

Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol Fe(OH)3 và Cu(OH)2 

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}107x+98y=20,5\\160.\dfrac{x}{2}+80y=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> x= 0,1 ; y=0,1

=> \(\%m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.107}{20,5}.100=52,2\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=47,8\%\)

b) \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O\)

\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+2H_2O\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.\dfrac{3}{2}+0,1=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddsaupu}=20,5+122,5=143\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.400}{143}.100=13,97\%\)

\(C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.160}{143}.100=11,19\%\)

c) \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05\left(mol\right);n_{CuO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05.3+0,1=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{ddH_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=122,5.110\%=134,75\left(g\right)\)

a) Chất rắn không tan là Cu

=> m Cu = 19,2(gam)

n Mg = a(mol) ; n Fe = b(mol)

=> 24a + 56b = 32,8 -19,2 = 13,6(1)

$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
n H2 = a + b = 6,72/22,4 = 0,3(2)

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2

%m Cu = 19,2/32,8  .100% = 58,54%
%m Mg = 0,1.24/32,8   .100% = 7,32%
%m Fe = 100% -58,54% -7,32% = 34,14%

b)

m dd A = 32,8 + 200 - 0,3.2 = 232,2(gam)

n MgSO4 = a = 0,1(mol)

n FeSO4 = b = 0,2(mol)

C% MgSO4 = 0,1.120/232,2   .100% = 5,17%
C% FeSO4 = 0,2.152/232,2   .100% = 13,09%

Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{200}.100\%=14,7\%\)

=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=29,4\left(g\right)\)

=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

a. PTHH: 2KOH + H₂SO₄ ---> K₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

Theo PT: \(n_{KOH}=2.n_{H_2SO_4}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{KOH}=0,6.56=33,6\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(C_{\%_{KOH}}=\dfrac{33,6}{m_{dd_{KOH}}}.100\%=5,6\%\)

=> \(m_{dd_{KOH}}=600\left(g\right)\)

Theo đề, ta có: 

\(D=\dfrac{600}{V_{dd_{KOH}}}=10,45\)(g/ml)

=> \(V_{dd_{KOH}}=57,42\left(ml\right)\)

b. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{K_2SO_4}}=200+33,6=233,6\left(g\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{K_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{K_2SO_4}=0,3.174=52,2\left(g\right)\)

=> \(C_{\%_{K_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{52,2}{233,6}.100\%=22,35\%\)

a)

Gọi n_{Mg(OH)_2} = a(mol) ; n_{Ca(OH)_2} = b(mol)$

\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\text{→}MgSO_4+H_2O\)

a                          a                a                          (mol)

\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\text{→}CaSO_4+H_2O\)

b                          b              b                              (mol)

Ta có : 

$58a + 74b = 21,4$
$120a + 136b = 40$
Suy ra a = 0,05 ; b = 0,25

$n_{H_2SO_4} = a + b = 0,3(mol)$
$x\% = \dfrac{0,3.98}{200}.100\% = 14,7\%$

c)

$m_{dd} = 21,4 + 200 - 0,25.136 = 187,4(gam)$
$C\%_{MgSO_4} = \dfrac{0,05.120}{187,4}.100\% = 3,2\%$

Bài 1: 

PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot36,5}{14,6\%}=100\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 2:

PTHH: \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KOH}=\dfrac{100\cdot11,2\%}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{150\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,15}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) H₂SO₄ còn dư, KOH p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{K_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{K_2SO_4}=0,1\cdot174=17,4\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05\cdot98=4,9\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{ddKOH}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}=250\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{17,4}{250}\cdot100\%=6,96\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{4,9}{250}\cdot100\%=1,96\%\end{matrix}\right.\)