a. \(Z=\left(\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-4}{x-1}\right)\)\(\left(x\ge0,x\ne1\right)\)

\(Z=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-x\sqrt{x}+x-2\sqrt{x}+2}{x-1}:\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-4}{x-1}\)

\(Z=\dfrac{-3\sqrt{x}+x+2}{x-1}:\dfrac{x-4}{x-1}=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+2}{x-1}.\dfrac{x-1}{x-4}\)

\(Z=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+2}{x-4}\)

b. \(Z=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+2}{x-4}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+2}{x-4}-\dfrac{1}{2}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-6\sqrt{x}+4-x+4}{2x-8}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-6\sqrt{x}+8}{2x-8}< 0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)}{2\left(x-4\right)}< 0\)

*\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)< 0\\2\left(x-4\right)>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-2< 0\&\sqrt{x}-4>0\\\sqrt{x}-2>0\&\sqrt{x}-4< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\2\left(x-4\right)>0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< 4\&x>16\left(l\right)\\16>x>4\end{matrix}\right.\\x>4\end{matrix}\right.\)

* \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)>0\\2\left(x-4\right)< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-2>0\&\sqrt{x}-4>0\\\sqrt{x}-2< 0\&\sqrt{x}-4< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\2\left(x-4\right)< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>16\\x< 4\end{matrix}\right.\\x< 4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow16>x>4\)

Vậy: \(Z< \dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow16>x>4\)

Lời giải:
ĐKXĐ: $x>0$

a. \(P=\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}:\left[\frac{(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}+1)}+\frac{1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}+1)}\right]\)

\(=\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}:\frac{x-1+1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}+1)}=\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}:\frac{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)}{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}+1)}=\frac{(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}{\sqrt{x}}.\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\frac{(\sqrt{x}+1)^2}{\sqrt{x}}\)

b.

\(x=\frac{4}{4+2\sqrt{3}}=(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1})^2\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1}\)

\(P=\frac{(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1}+1)^2}{\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1}}=\frac{3+3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

a: Ta có: \(P=\left(\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}}:\dfrac{x-1+1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

a) Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{1-\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}\right):\left(1+\dfrac{x+2xy+y}{1-xy}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}:\dfrac{1-xy+x+2xy+y}{1-xy}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(y+1\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}{x+xy+y+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(y+1\right)}{\left(y+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{x+1}\)

Đk:\(xy\ne1;x\ge0;y\ge0\)

 \(P=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}:\dfrac{1-xy+x+y+2xy}{1-xy}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+x\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-x\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}}{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}:\dfrac{1+x+y+xy}{1-xy}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{x}}{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}:\dfrac{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}{1-xy}\)\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(1+y\right)}{1-xy}.\dfrac{1-xy}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{1+x}\)

b) Áp dụng AM-GM có:

\(1+x\ge2\sqrt{x}\Leftrightarrow\)\(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{1+x}\le1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=1 (tm)

Vậy \(P_{max}=1\)

Đề hơi sai sai ý bạn ơi

\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\left(đk:a>0,a\ne1\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}:\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}.\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)}{a-1-a+2}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}.\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-2}{1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-2}{\sqrt{a}}\)

Để A nguyên

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-2}{\sqrt{a}}=1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{a}}\in Z\)

Do \(\sqrt{a}>0,\sqrt{a}\ne1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{2\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=4\)

a) Tại x=16 thì A = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{16}-1}{\sqrt{16}+2}=\dfrac{4-1}{4+2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

b) B = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1+\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\div\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}}\)

        = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1+x-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}}\times\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}\) 

        = \(\dfrac{x+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

B = \(\dfrac{x+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)= 2

   ⇒ x + 1 = 2\(\sqrt{x}\) 

   ⇒ x - \(2\sqrt{x}\) +1 = 0

   ⇒ \(\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\) = 0

   ⇒ \(\sqrt{x}-1=0\)

⇒  x = 1 

a: \(A=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}:\dfrac{x-1-x+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}{3}\)

Đề bạn gõ sai, mình có sửa lại r nha

\(a,A=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}:\dfrac{x-1-x+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{3}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{3}\\ x=5\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}{3}=\dfrac{5-2\sqrt{5}}{3}\\ c,A=-\dfrac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)=-1\Leftrightarrow x-2\sqrt{x}+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(ktm\right)\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)