\(P=\dfrac{4x^2+2xy-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{2xy-2y^2+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{3x^2+2xy-y^2}{3x^2+2xy+y^2}\)

Biểu thức này không tồn tại max mà chỉ tồn tại min

\(P=\dfrac{-2\left(3x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+9x^2+6xy+y^2}{3x^2+2xy+y^2}=-2+\dfrac{\left(3x+y\right)^2}{2x^2+\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge-2\)

Bạn coi lại mẫu số

a) 4x² + y² + 4xy + 4x + 2y + 3

= ( 4x² + 4xy + y² + 4x + 2y + 1 ) + 2

= [ ( 4x² + 4xy + y² ) + ( 4x + 2y ) + 1 ] + 2

= [ ( 2x + y )² + 2( 2x + y ).1 + 1² ] + 2

= ( 2x + y + 1 )² + 2 ≥ 2 ∀ x, y

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> 2x + y + 1 = 0

                        <=> 2x = -y - 1

                        <=> x = \(\frac{-y-1}{2}\)

Vậy GTNN của biểu thức = 2 <=> x = \(\frac{-y-1}{2}\)

b) -x² - y² - 2xy 

= -( x² + 2xy + y² )

= -( x + y )² ≤ 0 ∀ x, y

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = -y

Vậy GTLN của biểu thức = 0 <=> x = -y

B = 2\(x^2\) - 4\(x\) - 8

B = 2(\(x^2\) - 2\(x\) + 4)  - 16

B = 2(\(x-2\))² - 16 

Vì (\(x-2\))² ≥ 0 ∀ \(x\) ⇒ 2(\(x-2\))² ≥ 0 ∀ \(x\)

⇒ 2(\(x-2\))²  - 16 ≥ -16 ∀ \(x\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi  (\(x-2\))² = 0 ⇒ \(x-2=0\) ⇒ \(x=2\)

Vậy B_min = -16 khi \(x=2\)

Tìm min của C biết:

C = \(x^2\) - 2\(xy\) + 2y² + 2\(x\) - 10y + 17

C = (\(x^2\) - 2\(xy\) + y²) + 2(\(x\) - y) + y² - 8y + 16 + 1

C = (\(x\) - y)² + 2(\(x\) - y) + 1  + (y² - 8y + 16) 

C = (\(x-y+1\))² + (y - 4)² 

Vì (\(x\) - y + 1)² ≥ 0 ∀ \(x;y\); (y - 4)² ≥ 0 ∀ y

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-4+1=0\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1+4\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy C_min = 0 khi (\(x;y\)) = (3; 4)

D = \(x^2\) - \(xy\) + y² - 2\(x\) - 2y

D=[\(x^2\)-2\(x\)\(\dfrac{y}{2}\)+(\(\dfrac{y}{2}\))²]-(2\(x\)-2\(\dfrac{y}{2}\)) +1 +(\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)y²-2.\(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)y .\(\sqrt{3}\) +3) - 4

D = (\(x-\dfrac{y}{2}\))² - 2(\(x-\dfrac{y}{2}\))+ 1 + (\(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)y - \(\sqrt{3}\))² - 4

D = (\(x-\dfrac{y}{2}\) - 1)² + (\(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)y - \(\sqrt{3}\))² - 4

Vì (\(x-\dfrac{y}{2}\) - 1)² ≥  0 ∀ \(x\);y và (\(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)y - \(\sqrt{3}\))² ≥ 0 ∀ y 

Vậy (\(x-\dfrac{y}{2}\) - 1)² + (\(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)y - \(\sqrt{3}\))² - 4 ≥ - 4 ∀ \(x;y\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{y}{2}-1=0\\\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}y-\sqrt{3}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

      ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{y}{2}-1=0\\\sqrt{3}.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}y-1\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

  ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1+\dfrac{1}{2}y\\\dfrac{1}{2}y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1+1\\y=1:\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy D_min = - 4 khi (\(x;y\)) =(2; 2)

\(A=4x^2+y^2+xy+4x+2y+3=4x^2+x\left(y+4\right)+\frac{\left(y+4\right)^2}{16}+y^2-\frac{\left(y+4\right)^2}{16}+2y+3\)\(=\left(2x+\frac{y+4}{4}\right)^2+\frac{16y^2-y^2-8y-16+32y+48}{16}=\left(2x+\frac{y+4}{4}\right)^2+\frac{15y^2+24y+32}{16}\)\(=\left(2x+\frac{y+4}{4}\right)^2+\frac{15\left(y^2+\frac{24}{15}y+\frac{16}{25}\right)+\frac{112}{5}}{16}=\left(2x+\frac{y+4}{4}\right)^2+\frac{15\left(y+\frac{4}{5}\right)^2+\frac{112}{5}}{16}\ge\frac{\frac{112}{5}}{16}=\frac{7}{5}\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x+\frac{y+4}{4}=0\\y+\frac{4}{5}=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{2}{5}\\y=-\frac{4}{5}\end{cases}}\)

\(B=-x^2-y^2-2xy=-\left(x+y\right)^2\le0\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = -y

nbbbbbnbnbb

Max = vô cùng

Min = 5 (theo mình là vậy)

\(A=x^2-2x+1+x^2-4x+4\)

\(=2x^2-6x+5\)

\(=2\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)

\(=2\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

\(=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}>=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=3/2

\(B=2x^2-4x-8=2\left(x^2-2x-4\right)\)

\(=2\left(x^2-2x+1-5\right)\)

\(=2\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-5\right]\)

\(=2\left(x-1\right)^2-10\ge-10\)

Vậy \(B_{min}=-10\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

\(F=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)

Đặt \(x^2+5x+4=t\)

\(\RightarrowĐT=t\left(t+2\right)=t^2+2t+1-1\)

\(=\left(t+1\right)^2-1\ge-1\)

hay \(\left(x^2+5x+5\right)^2-1\ge-1\)

Vậy \(F_{min}=-1\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{5}{4}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2=\frac{5}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+\frac{5}{2}=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}\\x+\frac{5}{2}=-\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}-\frac{5}{2}\\x=-\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}-\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)

\(G=4x-x^2=-\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)

\(=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-4\right]=-\left(x-2\right)^2+4\le4\)

Vậy \(G_{max}=4\Leftrightarrow x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

\(H=25-x-5x^2=-5\left(x^2+\frac{x}{5}-5\right)\)

\(=-5\left(x^2+2x.\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{501}{100}\right)\)

\(=-5\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{10}\right)^2-\frac{501}{100}\right]\)

\(=-5\left(x+\frac{1}{10}\right)^2+\frac{101}{20}\le\frac{101}{2}\)

Vậy \(H_{max}=\frac{101}{2}\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{10}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{10}\)