+ There are many vehicles on the roads.

+ There are also poor people who live in slums.

+ Many people live without running water and electricity.

+ There are many crime in the slums.

Good luck to you!

Được tôn vinh là ánh sáng mở đường cho một cuộc cách mạng năng lượng, nhưng giới khoa học mới đây đã chỉ ra chính những chiếc đèn LED lại đang đẩy mạnh tình trạng ô nhiễm ánh sáng toàn cầu, kéo theo những hậu quả nghiêm trọng đối với sức khỏe con người và động vật.

Nghiên cứu đăng tải trên tạp chí Science Advances ngày 22/11 phân tích dữ liệu vệ tinh cho thấy những buổi tối trên Trái Đất đang có xu hướng trở nên sáng hơn, với diện tích sử dụng ánh sáng nhân tạo ngoài trời tăng với tốc độ 2,2%/năm trong giai đoạn 2012-2016.

Các chuyên gia nhấn mạnh đây là một vấn đề nghiêm trọng vì ánh sáng vào ban đêm đã được xác định là làm rối loạn đồng hồ sinh học ở người và tăng nguy cơ các bệnh ung thư, tiểu đường cũng như chứng trầm cảm. Ánh sáng vào ban đêm thậm chí có thể giết chết nhiều động vật như đèn thu hút côn trùng hay làm nhiễu loạn khả năng định hướng của chim hay rùa biển.

Chris Kyba, nhà vật lý của Trung tâm Nghiên cứu Địa chất Đức và cũng là chủ nhiệm công trình nghiên cứu, cho rằng vấn đề không nằm ở công nghệ đèn LED, vốn được ưa chuộng nhờ đặc tính tiết kiệm điện.

Phát biểu họp báo về công trình nghiên cứu mới, ông Kyba cho rằng vấn đề là việc con người có xu hướng lạm dụng khi dùng quá nhiều đèn với suy nghĩ họ đang sử dụng công nghệ tiết kiệm. Các nhà khoa học gọi đây là "hiệu ứng đảo ngược."

Theo một nghiên cứu năm 2010 công bố trên tạp chí Ecological Economics, những buổi tối quá sáng không chỉ ảnh hưởng tới môi trường tự nhiên mà còn gây thiệt hại gần 7 tỷ USD hàng năm do "tác động tiêu cực đối với đời sống hoang dã, sức khỏe, ngành thiên văn và lãng phí năng lượng."

Travis Longcore, chuyên gia của Đại học Nam California, cho rằng kết luận của nghiên cứu mới "không có gì bất ngờ" đối với những người đã bỏ nhiều năm theo đuổi vấn đề này. Chuyên gia này cho rằng con số 2,2% mà nghiên cứu đưa ra là "không bền vững."

Các giải pháp được đề xuất bao gồm sử dụng các nguồn sáng cường độ thấp, tắt đèn khi không sử dụng, dùng đèn LED ánh sáng ấm thay vì ánh sáng xanh hay tím để hạn chế tác hại đối với sức khỏe con người và động vật, và quan trọng nhất là thay đổi cách suy nghĩ của người dân về việc quá dựa dẫm vào nguồn sáng nhân tạo vào ban đêm.

TOPIC NÓI TIẾNG ANH
-Topic 1: Traffic.
1. How do you often go to school?

==> I often go to school by bike.
2. What are the traffic problems you can see in your city?

==>The traffic problems that I see in my city are: not wearing a helmet, driving under the age, passing through red lights, ...
3. What should people do to reduce traffic accidents?

==>To reduce traffic accidents, people should pay attention to traffic, helmets, traffic safety regulations,...
-Topic 2: Films.
1. What kind of film do you like best?

==>I like the most cartoon.
2. Please tallk about the film you would like to see( kimd of film/ stars/ the flot/ critics opinion...)

==>I want to see the movie "Moonlight Moonlight", the film is amazing! There are famous Korean actors such as Park Bo Gum, Kim Yoo Jung, Jinyoung (B1A4), ... The film is about love between the king and Sam Nương pretending to be an eunuch, a very love story. pretty.
Top 3: Festival around the festivals around the world.
1. Please tallk about the names of the festivals around the orld and in Viet Nam than you know.

==>Festivals around the world are: Christmas, Carnival Mow Festival, Holi Festival, King's Festival, Music and art festival, ...

-Festivals in Vietnam are: Tet, Hung Temple Festival, Huong Pagoda Festival, Giong Temple Festival, Lim festival, Yen Tu festival, ...
2. Which destival have you attended recently? Talk something ablout it( where it took place, How often ot celebrate/ why/ how you feel...)

==>I attended the Hung Temple festival held in Phu Tho on March 10th of the lunar calendar. Hung Temple was solemnly celebrated to commemorate Hung building and expanding the country.
- Topic 4: Souces of energy.
1. What are renewabe/ non-renewable sources of energy?

==>-Renewable energy sources include: hydro, solar, biomass, heat, biology, tides, wind.

-Renewable energy sources are fossils (petroleum, coal, rock), nuclear (uranium).
2. What are advantages of solarpower/ wind power?

Benefits of solar energy:

- convenient facilities - where there is sunlight with electricity. Our father has a wonderful saying: "run from the sun", very true, almost anywhere on earth are sunny in the day

. Endless energy. According to scientists, the existence of the sun is still several billion years, so you can rest assured that the use is not afraid of it!

- The cleanest and safest source of energy. Sunlight brings life to the earth so it is the safest course.

Free energy source. No one can control, charge for this form of energy. It gives all the creatures on earth, less space depending on geographic location.

Easy to use energy source. You are using it daily, in different ways like sun drying, sun drying, tree planting, light you see everything ...

Benefits of wind energy:

- Save on fuel, second is the ability to replace fast. Third reduce the toxic waste from the energy works into the surrounding environment.
What are disadvantages of fossil fuels?

==> The downside is that fossil fuels are a non-renewable resource because the Earth took millions of years to produce them, and the consumption is taking place faster than the speed of creation that results in exhausted fossil fuels.

3. Do you think people will use solar energy widelyin the future? Why?

==> I think people will use solar energy extensively in the future because solar energy is very useful and an endless source of energy.

1. everyone/city/in/crime/the/effects/it/doesn't/

Crime effects everyone in the city , doesn't it ?

2. in/beaches/north/The/the/ peaceful/so/are/

The beaches in the north are so peaceful.

3. problems/are/more/the/There/in/slums/areas/the/in/wealthy/than/

There are more problems in the slums than in the wealthy areas.

4. over/in/40%/India/the/live/of/population/slums/,/in/

The population in India live in the slums over 40%.

5. overcrowded/She/want/live/does/area/in/not/an/./to/

She does not want to live in an overcrowded area.

Just my thinking ... :)

2, Yes, they do.

1, Overpopulation can lead to:

-Overcrowding and poor quality housing in many large city.

-Because of the poverty, many people have to live in slums, so they get a lot of disease.

-There are many crimes in slums.

-Too many vehicles cause air pollution and noise.

-Overpopulation can create the homless and hunger.

-There is not always enough food, not enough clean and fresh water, not enough school for children.

It took hundreds of thousands of years for the world population to grow to 1 billion people . However, in just another two centuries, it grew sevenfold. You know, in 2011, the total population of the world reached 7 billion. And today, it's about 7.5 billion. Tokyo, with 37.8 million residents, continues to be the largest city in the world in terms of populationAdvances in modern medicine are the main cause of this drama growth in the world population. It helps the birth rates increase and the death rates decline. The second contributor is the improvement in living standards. This leads to the rise of global lifespan, from 64.8 years in the early 1990s to 70.0 years today. Last but not least, the number of women of reproductive age is increasing day by day.However, the rapid population growth can lead to the shortage in medical and educational facilities and services. The population grows fast so the demand for energy also increases.Therefore, energy shortages are also a big problem. In addition, air, water and land pollution caused by growing population in big cities has bad effects on people's health.

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Firstly, new inventions in medicine now enable us to cure the most deadly diseases and people seem to live longer. Secondly, people don't know how to control the population, especially in the countryside. They don't use any method of birth control and they don't know how to use it. Thirdly, thanks to the development of science and the help of technology, the birth rate is increasing. This is certainly a reason to be proud and happy but it is also a cause of overpopulation. Due to overpopulation, there is a high level of human activity like more travel, more vehicles, more release of sewage, etc. These issues will lead to pollution. People live in overcrowded blocks of flats with noise and the shortage of water. Every day, they have to wait a long line at the bus stops but it is not easy to get a seat on overcrowded buses. The next disadvantage is overcrowded schools which don't have enough playing grounds or study aids for students. Moreover, the larger the population is, the higher the demand for natural resources like water, land, and forests, etc. is. I think the best way to solve overpopulation is through birth control. Birth control may be the policies that limit couples to only one or two children and encourage family planning. Vietnamese government has tried to change the culture of valuing boys over girls which is especially believed by the elderly in the countryside. Therefore, couples don't need to have more children when they don't have a son. There are also family planning classes for couples to raise awareness of family planning

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