a, \(\left[Na^+\right]=0,1\)

\(\left[K^+\right]=0,1\)

\(\left[OH^-\right]=0,2\)

\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=0,2\)

\(\left[H^+\right]=0,4\)

b, \(n_{H^+}=0,1.0,4=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{OH^-}=0,1.0,2=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H^+dư}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{200}=10^{-4}\)

\(\Rightarrow pH=4\)

$n_{NaOH} = n_{KOH} = 0,1.0,1 = 0,01(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,02(mol)$

              OH^- + H⁺ → H₂O

       Bđ : 0,01...0,04..................(mol)

      Pư : 0,01...0,01...................(mol)

Sau pư :   0......0,03...................(mol)

$V_{dd} = 0,1 + 0,1 = 0,2(lít)$

Vậy : 

 $[K^+] = [Na^+] = \dfrac{0,01}{0,2} = 0,05M$
$[H^+] = \dfrac{0,03}{0,2} = 0,15M$
$[SO_4^{2-}] = \dfrac{0,02}{0,2} = 0,1M$

b)

$pH = -log(0,15) = 0,824$

\(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

Để trung hòa thì:

\(n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0,1.V_{NaOH}=0,04\)

\(\Leftrightarrow V_{NaOH}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\)

PTHH: \(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{dd}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M\left(NaCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,6}=0,67M\)

Câu 1:

PT ion: \(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{OH^-}=0,6\cdot0,4+0,6\cdot0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{H^+}=0,2\cdot2,6=0,52\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(\Rightarrow\) H⁺ hết, OH^- còn dư \(\Rightarrow n_{OH^-\left(dư\right)}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,08}{0,6+0,2}=0,1\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow pH=14+log\left(0,1\right)=13\)

Bài 2:

PT ion: \(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{OH^-}=0,3\cdot1,6=0,48\left(mol\right)\\n_{H^+}=0,2\cdot1\cdot2+0,2\cdot2=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\) OH^- hết, H⁺ còn dư \(\Rightarrow n_{H^+\left(dư\right)}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,32}{0,2+0,3}=0,64\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow pH=-log\left(0,64\right)\approx0,19\)

Đáp án B

Đáp án B

Chọn đáp án B

n H C l =1 V A ; n H N O 3 = 1 V A ; n H 2 S O 4 =1 V A →   n H + =4 V A

n K O H = 1 V A ;   n N a O H = 2 V B → n O H - = 3 V B

Để thu được dung dịch có pH= 7 thì  n H + = n O H -

→ 4 V A = 3 V B → V A : V B = 3 : 4

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