- Thấy Cu không phản ứng với HCl .

\(\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{Cu}=6,4\left(g\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

.x.......................................1,5x.........

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

.y....................................y.............

Theo bài ra ta có hệ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y+6,4=17,4\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=5,4\\m_{Fe}=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\) ( g )

b, \(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)

.......0,1.........0,2...............................

\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)

...0,2.......0,6..........................

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,2+0,6=0,8< 1\)

=> Trong B còn có HCl dư .

\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

...0,2..........0,2....................

=> Dư 0,2 mol HCl .

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}+0,2=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddB}=17,4+250-6,4-0,8=260,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{260,2}.100\%\approx2,8\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}\approx4,88\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}\approx10,26\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ....

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)

2Al+2NaOH+2H₂O\(\rightarrow\)2NaAlO₂+3H₂

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,15=0,1mol\)\(\rightarrow\)\(m_{Al}=2,7g\)

\(m_{Mg,Fe}=14,7-2,7=12g\)

\(n_{Mg}=xmol\);\(n_{Fe}=ymol\)

Mg+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)MgCl₂+H₂

Fe+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)FeCl₂+H₂

- Ta có hệ phương trình:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=12\\x+y=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải ra x=0,4125 và y=0,0375

\(\%Al=\dfrac{2,7}{14,7}.100\approx18,4\%\)

\(\%Mg=\dfrac{0,4125.24}{14,7}.100\approx67,35\%\)

\(\%Fe=100\%-18,4\%-67,35\%=14,25\%\)

- Tóm tắt PTHH:

MgCl₂\(\rightarrow\)Mg(OH)₂\(\rightarrow\)MgO

FeCl₂\(\rightarrow\)Fe(OH)₂\(\rightarrow\)Fe(OH)₃\(\rightarrow\)Fe₂O₃

\(m=m_{MgO}+m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,4125.40+\dfrac{1}{2}.0,0375.160=19,5g\)

Cho Một Lượng 60g Hỗn Hợp Cu Và CuO Tan Hết Trong 3 Lít Dd HNO3 1M (D=1,1g/ml) Cho 13,44 Lít Khí No Bay Ra Và Dd A. Tính CM Và C% Các Chất Trong A - MTrend

tk

\(\overline{M}=\dfrac{28.nN_2+44.nN_2O}{nN_2+nN_2O}=20,4.2\left(1\right)\)

\(nN_2+nN_2O=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1), (2) suy ra\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}nN_2=0,02\\nN_2O=0,08\end{matrix}\right.\)

gọi x, y lần lượt là nAl và nMg

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mhh=27x+24y=9\\3x+2y=10.0,02+8.0,08\left(BTne\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,12\\y=0,24\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%mAl=\dfrac{mAl.100\%}{mhh}=\dfrac{0,12.27.100\%}{9}=36\%\)

\(KL:A\left(II\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ A+2H_2O\rightarrow A\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\ n_A=n_{AOH}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{10}{0,25}=40\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A\left(II\right):Canxi\left(Ca=40\right)\\ m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=74.0,25=18,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=10+200-0,25.2=209,5\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{18,5}{209,5}.100\approx8,831\%\)