Đặt n^2 + 2n + 1= a, ta được:

(a - 1)(a + 1) +1= a^2  -  1 + 1= a^2=(n^2 + 2n +1)^2

=(n + 1)^4

2. Ta có: P = 2x² + y² - 4x - 4y + 10

P = 2(x² - 2x + 1) + (y² - 4y + 4) + 4

P = 2(x - 1)² + (y - 2)² + 4 \(\ge\)4 \(\forall\)x;y

=> P luôn dương với mọi biến x;y

3 Ta có:

(2n + 1)(n² - 3n - 1) - 2n³ + 1

= 2n³ - 6n² - 2n + n² - 3n - 1 - 2n³ + 1

= -5n² - 5n = -5n(n + 1) \(⋮\)5 \(\forall\)n \(\in\)Z

1×2=2

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\(x\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)+1\)

\(=\left(x^2+2x\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)+1\)

Đặt: \(x^2+2x=t\)

khi đó: \(\left(x^2+2x\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)+1=t\left(t+2\right)+1=\left(t+1\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)^2=\left(x+1\right)^4\)

b) Xét: \(\left(n+1\right)^2-n^2=\left(n+1+n\right)\left(n+1-n\right)=2n+1\)

Khi đó:

\(A=\frac{3}{\left(1.2\right)^2}+\frac{5}{\left(2.3\right)^2}+\frac{7}{\left(3.4\right)^2}+...+\frac{2n+1}{\left[n\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}\)

\(A=\frac{2^2-1^2}{1^2.2^2}+\frac{3^2-2^2}{2^2.3^2}+\frac{4^2-3^2}{3^2.4^2}+...+\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2-n^2}{n^2.\left(n+1\right)^2}\)

\(A=1-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)

\(A=1-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)

a) \(15x^ny^{2n}-3x^{n+1}\left(-y\right)^{2n}\)

\(=x^ny^{2n}\left(15-3x\right)\)

\(=3x^ny^{2n}\left(5-x\right)\)

b) \(4x^{2n}y^{n-1}+2\left(-x\right)^{2n+1}y^n\)

\(=4x^{2n}y^{n-1}-2x^{2n+1}y^n\)

\(=2x^{2n}y^{n-1}\left(2-xy\right)\)

a) \(49-x^2+2xy-y^2\)

\(=49-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=49-\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(7-x+y\right)\left(7+x-y\right)\)

c) \(\frac{1}{36}a^2-\frac{1}{4}b^2\)

\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{9}a^2-b^2\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{3}a-b\right)\left(\frac{1}{3}a+b\right)\)

Đặt \(x^2+x+1=t\)

\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12=t\left(t+1\right)-12=t^2+t-12=\left(t^2+t+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{49}{4}=\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{7}{2}\right)^2=\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{7}{2}\right)\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)=\left(t-3\right)\left(t+4\right)=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)\)

\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12\)

= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[\left(x^2+x+1\right)+1\right]-12\)

= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)-12\)

= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-3\left(x^2+x+1\right)+4\left(x^2+x+1\right)-4.3\)

= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)+4\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)

= \(\left(x^2+x+5\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)

a: \(a\left(x-y\right)-b\left(y-x\right)+c\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=a\left(x-y\right)+b\left(x-y\right)+c\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)

b: \(a^m-a^{m+2}\)

\(=a^m-a^m\cdot a^2\)

\(=a^m\left(1-a^2\right)\)

\(=a^m\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a\right)\)

a, 4y(x-1)-(1-x)

=(x-1)(4y+1)

b,3x(z+2)+5(-x-2)

=3x(z+2)-5(x+2)

=(z+2)(3x-5)