1.

a.\(\Leftrightarrow7x-5x=3+12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=15\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{15}{2}\)

b.\(\Leftrightarrow6x-10-7x-7=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-19\)

c.\(\Leftrightarrow1-3x=4x-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow7x=2\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{7}\)

d.\(\Leftrightarrow8x^2-4x+12x-6-8x^2-8x-2=12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2=12\left(voli\right)\)

Lời giải:
a. 

PT $\Leftrightarrow -5x^2+15x-5+x+5x^2=x-2$
$\Leftrightarrow 16x-5=x-2$

$\Leftrightarrow 15x=3$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{15}=\frac{1}{5}$

b.

PT $\Leftrightarrow -4x^2+20x+7x^2-28x-3x^2=12$

$\Leftrightarrow -8x=12$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-3}{2}$

Lời giải:
a.

a. $(x-1)(x+2)-(x-3)(x+1)=5x-3$

$\Leftrightarrow (x^2+x-2)-(x^2-2x-3)=5x-3$

$\Leftrightarrow 3x+1=5x-3$

$\Leftrightarrow 4=2x$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2$

b.

$(2x-1)(x+3)-(x-2)(x+3)=3x+1$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x^2+5x-3)-(x^2-4)=3x+1$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+1=3x+1$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x(x+2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=0$ hoặc $x=-2$

c.

$x^2(x-1)-x(x-1)(x+1)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2(x-1)-(x^2+x)(x-1)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)[x^2-(x^2+x)]=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)(-x)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-1=0$ hoặc $-x=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=1$ hoặc $x=0$

d.

$4x(x-5)-(2x-3)(2x+3)=9$

$\Leftrightarrow 4x^2-20x-(4x^2-9)=9$

$\Leftrightarrow -20x=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=0$

a: Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)=5x-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-x-2-x^2-x+3x+3-5x+3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2x+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=4\)

hay x=2

b: Ta có: \(\left(2x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=3x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+6x-x-3-x^2+4-3x-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

c: Ta có: \(x^2\left(x-1\right)-x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

d: Ta có: \(4x\left(x-5\right)-\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)=9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-20x-4x^2+9=9\)

hay x=0

b: =>4x^2+8x-8x^2+5x-10=0

=>-4x^2+13x-10=0

=>x=2 hoặc x=5/4

c: =>2x^2-5x+6x-15=2x^2+8x

=>x-15=8x

=>-7x=15

=>x=-15/7

d: =>3x^2+15x-2x-10-3x^2-12x=5

=>x-10=5

=>x=15

e: =>x^2-3x+2x^2+2x=3x^2-12

=>-x=-12

=>x=12

Bài 2: 

a: =>x-1=1 hoặc x-1=-1

=>x=2 hoặc x=0

b: =>x+1=-1

hay x=-2

c: =>(135-7x):9=8

=>135-7x=72

=>7x=63

hay x=9

d: =>(x+7)(x-3)<0

=>-7<x<3

e: \(\Leftrightarrow3^{x-3}=18+9=27\)

=>x-3=3

hay x=6

f: =>4-2x=0

hay x=2

Bài 1:

a. 

$(4x^2+4x+1)-x^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x+1)^2-x^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x+1-x)(2x+1+x)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+1)(3x+1)=0$

$\Rightarrow x+1=0$ hoặc $3x+1=0$

$\Rightarrow x=-1$ hoặc $x=-\frac{1}{3}$

b.

$x^2-2x+1=4$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2=2^2$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2-2^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1-2)(x-1+2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-3)(x+1)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-3=0$ hoặc $x+1=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=3$ hoặc $x=-1$

c.

$x^2-5x+6=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x^2-2x)-(3x-6)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x(x-2)-3(x-2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(x-3)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-2=0$ hoặc $x-3=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ hoặc $x=3$

2c.

ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 0$

PT $\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{6}{x}=x+\frac{3}{2}$

$\Leftrightarrow -\frac{6}{x}=\frac{3}{2}$

$\Leftrightarrow x=-4$ (tm)

2d.

ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 2$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \frac{1+3(x-2)}{x-2}=\frac{3-x}{x-2}$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{3x-5}{x-2}=\frac{3-x}{x-2}$

$\Rightarrow 3x-5=3-x$

$\Leftrightarrow 4x=8$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ (không tm) 

Vậy pt vô nghiệm.

2f.

ĐKXĐ: $x\neq \pm 2$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \frac{(x-2)^2-3(x+2)}{(x+2)(x-2)}=\frac{2(x-11)}{(x-2)(x+2)}$

$\Rightarrow (x-2)^2-3(x+2)=2(x-11)$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4-3x-6=2x-22$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2-7x-2=2x-22$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2-9x+20=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)(x-5)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-4=0$ hoặc $x-5=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=4$ hoặc $x=5$ (tm)