Cho A=\(\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3+.....+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2014}\)
Chứng minh A<1
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2013}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2014}\)
Chứng minh A< 1
\(2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+...+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A-A=1-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2014}\Rightarrow A=1-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2014}< 1\)
\(A=\frac{\left(1-2\right).\left(1+2\right)}{2^2}.\frac{\left(1-3\right).\left(1+3\right)}{3^2}.......\frac{\left(1-2013\right).\left(1+2013\right)}{2013^2}.\frac{\left(1-2014\right).\left(1+2014\right)}{2014^2}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-1\right).\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-1\right).\left(\frac{1}{4^2}-1\right)...\left(\frac{1}{2013^2}-1\right).\left(\frac{1}{2014^1}-1\right)\)
Hãy chứng minh : \(A<-\frac{1}{2}\)
1) Cho a, b, c > 0. Chứng minh: \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
2) Cho \(a,b,c\in R\).
a) Chứng minh: \(\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
b) Chứng minh: \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
3) Cho \(a,b,c\in R\)Chứng minh: \(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{b^3}{c^2}+\frac{c^3}{a^2}\ge\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\)
2) Theo nguyên lí Dirichlet, trong ba số \(a^2-1;b^2-1;c^2-1\) có ít nhất hai số nằm cùng phía với 1.
Giả sử đó là a2 - 1 và b2 - 1. Khi đó \(\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+3a^2+3b^2+9\ge4a^2+4b^2+8\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\) (2)
Mà \(4\left[\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\right]\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (3)(Áp dụng Bunhicopxki và cái ngoặc vuông)
Từ (2) và (3) ta có đpcm.
Sai thì chịu
Xí quên bài 2 b:v
b) Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(\left(a^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(b^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge0\)
Suy ra \(a^2b^2-\frac{1}{4}a^2-\frac{1}{4}b^2+\frac{1}{16}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+1\ge\frac{5}{4}a^2+\frac{5}{4}b^2+\frac{15}{16}\)
Hay \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
Suy ra \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+c^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2}a+\frac{1}{2}b+\frac{1}{2}c+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (Bunhiacopxki) (đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
Cách nữa cho bài 2:
2a) Ta có: \(4\left(a^2+1+2\right)\left(1+1+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
Hay \(4\left(a^2+3\right)\left(2+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2=VP\)
Như vậy ta quy bài toán về chứng minh: \(\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(2+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2c^2+b^2+c^2+1\ge4bc\Leftrightarrow\left(bc-1\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
b) Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:\(\left(a^2+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{4}+b^2+c^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\ge\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
Từ đó ta có thể quy bài toán về chứng minh: \(\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
...
Bài 3:Sửa đề a, b, c >0
Có: \(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{a^3}{b^2}+b\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^6}{b^3}}=\frac{3a^2}{b}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{2b^3}{c^2}+c\ge\frac{3b^2}{c};\frac{2c^3}{a^2}+a\ge\frac{3c^2}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên: \(2\left(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{b^3}{c^2}+\frac{c^3}{a^2}\right)+a+b+c\ge3\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)\)
\(\ge2\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)+a+b+c\)
Từ đó ta có đpcm.
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{4^2}-1\right).....\left(\frac{1}{2013^2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{2014^2}-1\right)\)
CHỨNG TỎ : A<-1/2
Cho B= \(\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+....+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2014}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2015}\).Chứng minh B<1
\(B=\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+...+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2015}\)
\(B=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2015}}\)
\(2B=2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2015}}\right)\)
\(2B=1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2014}}\)
\(2B-B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2014}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2015}}\right)\)
\(B=1-\frac{1}{2^{2015}}< 1\). Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh
Cho A=\(\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-1\right).\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-1\right).\left(\frac{1}{4^2}-1\right)...\left(\frac{1}{2013^2}-1\right)..\left(\frac{1}{2014^2}-1\right)\&B=\frac{1}{2}\) so sánh A và B
Ta có
\(A=\frac{\left(1^2-2^2\right)\left(1^2-3^2\right).....\left(1^2-2014^2\right)}{\left(2.3.4.....2014\right)\left(2.3....2014\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(-1\right)3\left(-2\right)4.....\left(-2013\right)2015}{\left(2.3.4.....2014\right)\left(2.3....2014\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left[\left(-1\right)\left(-2\right)...\left(-2013\right)\right]\left(3.4.5...2015\right)}{\left(2.3.4.....2014\right)\left(2.3....2014\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(-1\right)2015}{2014.2}=-\frac{2015}{4028}< -\frac{2014}{4028}=-\frac{1}{2}\)
=> A<-1/2
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-1\right).....\left(\frac{1}{2013^2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{2014^2}-1\right)\)
\(A=\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right).\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^2.\left(\frac{-1}{3}\right)^3.\left(\frac{-1}{4}\right)^4...\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^{2014}\). Hãy cho biết dấu của A, vì sao ?
\(A=\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right).\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^2.\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^3.\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^4.....\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^{2014}\)
\(=\left[\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right).\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^3.....\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^{2013}\right].\left[\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^2.\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^4.....\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^{2014}\right]\)
mà thừa số thứ nhất có dấu âm (vì lũy thừa bậc lẻ của một số âm luôn luôn âm) và thừa số thứ hai có dấu dương (vì lũy thừa bậc chẵn của mọi số luôn luôn dương)
nên A có dấu âm