a, \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)

b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=4,4-2,4=2\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{2}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Mg}+n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,7}{19,6\%}=75\left(g\right)\)

a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+2n_{Mg}=2x+2y\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}+n_{Mg}=x+y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=36,5.\left(2x+2y\right)=73\left(x+y\right)\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{73\left(x+y\right)}{20\%}=365\left(x+y\right)\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = m_Fe + m_Mg + m _{dd HCl} - m_H2 = 56x + 24y + 365.(x+y) - 2.(x+y) = 419x + 387y (g)

Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\)

\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=11,87\%\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{95y}{419x+387y}=0,1187\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=0,9865\Rightarrow x=0,9865y\)

Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127x}{419x+387y}.100\%=\dfrac{127.0,9865y}{419.0,9865y+387y}.100\%\approx15,65\%\) 

a, PT: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=72,5-32,5=40\left(g\right)\)

c, Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{40}{80}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}+n_{CuO}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow b=C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{1}{2,5}=0,4M\)

c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{2,5}=0,2M\\C_{M_{CuSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{2,5}=0,2M\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

a, \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\left(I\right)\)

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\left(II\right)\)

b, Theo PTHH(1) : \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=32,5\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=m_{hh}-m_{Zn}=40\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

c, Theo PTHH (1) và (2) : \(n_{H2SO4}=n_{CuO}+n_{Zn}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{MH2SO4}=b=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{1}{2,5}=0,4M\)

d, ( Chắc là thể tích coi như không đổi )

Thấy sau phản ứng thu được A gồm \(0,5molZnSO_4,0,5molCuSO_4\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{MCuSO4}=C_{MZnSO4}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,5}{2,5}=0,2M\)

Vậy ...

1. Gọi mol của Mg và Al là x, y mol

=> 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)

nH2 = 0,6 mol => x + 1,5y = 0,6 (2)

Từ (1) (2) => x = 0,3 ; y = 0,2 

=> %Mg = 57,14%

=> %Al = 42,86%

nH2=13,44/22,4=0,6(mol)

Đặt: nMg=a(mol); nAl=b(mol) (a,b>0)

1) PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2

a__________a________a_____a(mol)

2Al +3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2

b___1,5b______0,5b____1,5b(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=12,6\\a+1,5b=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mMg=0,3.24=7,2(g)

=>%mMg= (7,2/12,6).100=57,143%

=>%mAl=42,857%

2) mMgSO4=120.a=120.0,3=36(g)

mAl2(SO4)3=342.0,5b=342.0,5.0,2= 34,2(g)

mH2SO4= (0,3+0,2.1,5).98=58,8(g)

=>mddH2SO4=58,8: 14,7%=400(g)

=>mddsau= 12,6+400 - 2.0,6= 411,4(g)

=>C%ddAl2(SO4)3= (34,2/411,4).100=8,313%

C%ddMgSO4=(36/411,4).100=8,751%

PT: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

a, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,6\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MG}=\dfrac{0,3.24}{12,6}.100\%\approx57,1\%\\\%m_{Al}\approx42,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{14,7\%}=400\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 12,6 + 400 - 0,6.2 = 411,4 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.120}{411,4}.100\%\approx8,75\%\\C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.342}{411,4}.100\%\approx8,31\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)=n_{AlCl_3}\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)=n_{MgCl_2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow27a+24b=7,8\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{146\cdot20\%}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(3a+2b=0,8\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\b=n_{MgCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=0,4\cdot2=0,8\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=153\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot133,5}{153}\cdot100\%\approx17,45\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot95}{153}\cdot100\%\approx6,21\%\end{matrix}\right.\)