Bài 1:

a: \(A=x^2+2x+4\)

\(=x^2+2x+1+3\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+3>=3\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x+1=0

=>x=-1

Vậy: \(A_{min}=3\) khi x=-1

b: \(B=x^2-20x+101\)

\(=x^2-20x+100+1\)

\(=\left(x-10\right)^2+1>=1\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-10=0

=>x=10

Vậy: \(B_{min}=1\) khi x=10

c: \(C=x^2-2x+y^2+4y+8\)

\(=x^2-2x+1+y^2+4y+4+3\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+3>=3\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1=0 và y+2=0

=>x=1 và y=-2

Vậy: \(C_{min}=3\) khi (x,y)=(1;-2)

Bài 2:

a: \(A=5-8x-x^2\)

\(=-\left(x^2+8x\right)+5\)

\(=-\left(x^2+8x+16-16\right)+5\)

\(=-\left(x+4\right)^2+16+5=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21< =21\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x+4=0

=>x=-4

b: \(B=x-x^2\)

\(=-\left(x^2-x\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}< =\dfrac{1}{4}\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)

=>\(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

c: \(C=4x-x^2+3\)

\(=-x^2+4x-4+7\)

\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7\)

\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7< =7\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0

=>x=2

d: \(D=-x^2+6x-11\)

\(=-\left(x^2-6x+11\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2-6x+9+2\right)\)

\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-2< =-2\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-3=0

=>x=3

a.

\(1-4x^2=\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\)

b.

\(8-27x^3=\left(2\right)^3-\left(3x\right)^3=\left(2-3x\right)\left(4+6x+9x^2\right)\)

c.

\(27+27x+9x^2+x^3=x^3+3.x^2.3+3.3^2.x+3^3\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)^3\)

d.

\(2x^3+4x^2+2x=2x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=2x\left(x+1\right)^2\)

e.

\(x^2-y^2-5x+5y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)

f.

\(x^2-6x+9-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)

g. 10x(x-y)-6y(y-x)

=10x(x-y)+6y(x-y)

=(x-y)(10x+6y)

h.x²-4x-5

=(x-5)(x+1)

i.x⁴-y⁴ = (x²-y²)(x²+y²)

B2.

a.5(x-2)=x-2

⇔5(x-2)-(x-2)=0

⇔4(x-2)=0

⇔x=2

b.3(x-5)=5-x

⇔3(x-5)+(x-5)=0

⇔4(x-5)=0

⇔x=5

c.(x+2)²-(x+2)(x-2)=0

⇔(x+2)[(x+2)-(x-2)]=0

⇔4(x+2)=0

⇔x=-2

Bài 2:

a) \(3x^2-7x-10=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)

b) \(x^2+6x+9-4y^2=\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2=\left(x+3-2y\right)\left(x+3+2y\right)\)

c) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-5x+5y=\left(x-y\right)^2-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-5\right)\)

d) \(4x^2-y^2-6x+3y=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)-3\left(2x-y\right)=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y-3\right)\)

e) \(1-2a+2bc+a^2-b^2-c^2=\left(a-1\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2=\left(a-1-b+c\right)\left(a-1+b-c\right)\)

f) \(x^3-3x^2-4x+12=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)\)

g) \(x^4+64=\left(x^2+8\right)^2-16x^2=\left(x^2+8-4x\right)\left(x^2+6+4x\right)\)h) \(x^4-5x^2+4=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)

i) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+7\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x^2+8x+15\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)^2+8\left(x^2+8x+7\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+11\right)^2\)

a: \(3x^2-7x-10\)

\(=3x^2+3x-10x-10\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)

b: \(x^2+6x+9-4y^2\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-4y^2\)

\(=\left(x+3-2y\right)\left(x+3+2y\right)\)

c: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-5x+5y\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-5\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-5\right)\)

a) 

b) 

c) 

d) 

e) 

f) 

g) h) 

i) 

Áp dụng Bunyakovsky, ta có :

\(\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x.1+y.1\right)^2=1\)

=> \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)

=> \(Min_C=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)

Mấy cái kia tương tự 

a: \(x^2-y^2-x-y\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)

f: \(x^3-5x^2-5x+1\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-5x\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-6x+1\right)\)

a: \(7x-14y=7\left(x-2y\right)\)

b: \(4x^2-4x+1=\left(2x-1\right)^2\)

\(a,=5\left(x-y\right)+a\left(x-y\right)=\left(5+a\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ b,=a\left(x+y\right)+b\left(x+y\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(x+y\right)\\ c,=x\left(x+1\right)+a\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+a\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ d,Sửa:x^2y+xy^2-3x-3y=xy\left(x+y\right)-3\left(x+y\right)=\left(xy-3\right)\left(x+y\right)\\ e,=xy\left(x+1\right)-\left(x+1\right)=\left(xy-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ f,=x^2-4=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\\ g,=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-y+3\right)\left(x+y+3\right)\\ h,=\left(x+5\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-y+5\right)\left(x+y+5\right)\\ i,=\left(x-4\right)^2-24y^2=\left(x-2\sqrt{6}y-4\right)\left(x+2\sqrt{6}y+4\right)\)

Bạn coi lại đề, GTLN và GTNN của biểu thức \(\dfrac{4x^2-8x+5}{x^2+1}\) rất xấu, và phải dùng kiến thức lớp 9 để tìm