Ta có: x:y:z =4:5:6

⇒\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}\)

⇒\(\dfrac{x^2}{16}=\dfrac{2y^2}{50}=\dfrac{z^2}{36}\)

⇒\(\dfrac{x^2-2y^2+z^2}{16-50+36}=\dfrac{18}{2}=9\)

\(\dfrac{x}{4}=9\Rightarrow x=36\)

\(\dfrac{y}{5}=9\Rightarrow y=45\)

\(\dfrac{z}{6}=9\Rightarrow z=54\)

Áp dụng Bunyakovsky, ta có :

\(\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x.1+y.1\right)^2=1\)

=> \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)

=> \(Min_C=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)

Mấy cái kia tương tự 

a.

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x+4y^2=4xy+4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2=8\) (1)

Do \(\left(x-2y\right)^2\ge0;\forall x;y\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2\le8\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=\left\{0;1;4\right\}\)

TH1: \(\left(x-2\right)^2\Rightarrow x=2\) thế vào (1)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2-2y\right)^2=8\Rightarrow\left(1-y\right)^2=2\) (ko tồn tại y nguyên t/m do 2 ko phải SCP)

TH2: \(\left(x-2\right)^2=1\Rightarrow\left(x-2y\right)^2=8-1=7\), mà 7 ko phải SCP nên pt ko có nghiệm nguyên

TH3: \(\left(x-2\right)^2=4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\) thế vào (1):

- Với \(x=0\Rightarrow\left(-2y\right)^2+4=8\Rightarrow y^2=1\Rightarrow y=\pm1\)

- Với \(x=2\Rightarrow\left(2-2y\right)^2+4=8\Rightarrow\left(1-y\right)^2=1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy pt có các cặp nghiệm là: 

\(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;1\right);\left(0;-1\right);\left(2;0\right);\left(2;2\right)\)

b.

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+4y^2+4xy-4x=14\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2=18\) (1)

Lý luận tương tự câu a ta được 

\(\left(x-2\right)^2\le18\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=\left\{0;1;4;9;16\right\}\)

Với \(\left(x-2\right)^2=\left\{0;1;4;16\right\}\) thì \(18-\left(x-2\right)^2\) ko phải SCP nên ko có giá trị nguyên x;y thỏa mãn

Với \(\left(x-2\right)^2=9\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) thế vào (1)

- Với \(x=5\Rightarrow\left(5+2y\right)^2+9=18\Rightarrow\left(5+2y\right)^2=9\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5+2y=3\\5+2y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

- Với \(x=-1\Rightarrow\left(-1+2y\right)^2=9\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-1+2y=3\\-1+2y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(5;-1\right);\left(5;-4\right);\left(-1;3\right);\left(-1;-3\right)\)

\(1,\\ a,A=4x^2\left(-3x^2+1\right)+6x^2\left(2x^2-1\right)+x^2\\ A=-12x^4+4x^2+12x^2-6x^2+x^2=-x^2=-\left(-1\right)^2=-1\\ b,B=x^2\left(-2y^3-2y^2+1\right)-2y^2\left(x^2y+x^2\right)\\ B=-2x^2y^3-2x^2y^2+x^2-2x^2y^3-2x^2y^2\\ B=-4x^2y^3-4x^2y^2+x^2\\ B=-4\left(0,5\right)^2\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3-4\left(0,5\right)^2\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(0,5\right)^2\\ B=\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)

\(2,\\ a,\Leftrightarrow10x-16-12x+15=12x-16+11\\ \Leftrightarrow-14x=-4\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{7}\\ b,\Leftrightarrow12x^2-4x^3+3x^3-12x^2=8\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^3=8=-2^3\\ \Leftrightarrow x=2\\ c,\Leftrightarrow4x^2\left(4x-2\right)-x^3+8x^2=15\\ \Leftrightarrow16x^3-8x^2-x^3+8x^2=15\\ \Leftrightarrow15x^3=15\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

\(P=x\left(2x+1\right)-x^2\left(x+2\right)+x^3-x+3\\ P=2x^2+x-x^3-2x^2+x^3-x+3\\ P=3\left(đfcm\right)\)