ta có P=\(\frac{\sqrt{a-1}}{a}+\frac{\sqrt{b-4}}{b}+\frac{\sqrt{c-9}}{c}\)

Áp dụng bđt cố si ta có 

\(\sqrt{a-1}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(a-1+1\right)=\frac{1}{2}a\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{a-1}}{a}\le\frac{1}{2}\)

Tương tự mấy cái kia rồi + vào, để ý dấu = 

Bạn tham khảo tại đây ạ!

Câu hỏi của danh Vô - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath

Đặt \(a=\dfrac{yz}{x^2};b=\dfrac{zx}{y^2};c=\dfrac{xy}{z^2}\)

Áp dụng BĐT BSC:

\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+a+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+b+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+c+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^4}{x^4+x^2yz+y^2z^2}+\dfrac{y^4}{y^4+y^2zx+z^2x^2}+\dfrac{z^4}{z^4+z^2xy+x^2y^2}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^4+y^4+z^4+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\)

Ta cần chứng minh: 

\(\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^4+y^4+z^4+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\ge x^4+y^4+z^4+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2-xy.yz-yz.zx-zx.xy\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-yz\right)^2+\left(yz-zx\right)^2+\left(zx-xy\right)^2\ge0,\forall x,y,z\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

\(P=\frac{\sqrt{a-1}}{a}+\frac{\sqrt{b-4}}{b}+\frac{\sqrt{c-9}}{c}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(a-1\right)\cdot1}}{a}+\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{\left(b-4\right)\cdot4}}{b}+\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{\left(c-9\right)\cdot9}}{c}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{\frac{a-1+1}{2}}{a}+\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{\frac{b-4+4}{2}}{b}+\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{\frac{c-9+9}{2}}{c}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{a}{2a}+\frac{b}{4b}+\frac{c}{6c}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}=\frac{11}{12}\)

Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=8\\c=18\end{matrix}\right.\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si, ta được: \(P=\frac{bc\sqrt{a-1}+ca\sqrt{b-4}+ab\sqrt{c-9}}{abc}\)\(=\frac{bc\sqrt{\left(a-1\right).1}+\frac{1}{2}ca\sqrt{4.\left(b-4\right)}+\frac{1}{3}ab\sqrt{9.\left(c-9\right)}}{abc}\)\(\le\frac{bc.\frac{\left(a-1\right)+1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}ca.\frac{4+\left(b-4\right)}{2}+\frac{1}{3}ab.\frac{9+\left(c-9\right)}{2}}{abc}\)\(=\frac{\frac{1}{2}abc+\frac{1}{4}abc+\frac{1}{6}abc}{abc}=\frac{\frac{11}{12}abc}{abc}=\frac{11}{12}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = 2; b = 8; c = 18

\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\left(a^2+1\right)-1}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b^2+1\right)-1}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c^2+1\right)-1}+4-\dfrac{4}{ab+1}+4-\dfrac{4}{bc+1}+4-\dfrac{4}{ca+1}\)

\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}-\dfrac{4}{ab+1}-\dfrac{4}{bc+1}-\dfrac{4}{ca+1}+12\)

Mặt khác \(a;b;c\ge1\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\ge0\Rightarrow ab+1\ge a+b\) (và tương tự...)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}-\dfrac{4}{a+b}-\dfrac{4}{b+c}-\dfrac{4}{c+a}+12\)

\(VT\ge\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\dfrac{4}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{4}{\left(c+a\right)^2}-\dfrac{4}{a+b}-\dfrac{4}{b+c}-\dfrac{4}{c+a}+1+1+1+9\)

\(VT\ge\left(\dfrac{2}{a+b}-1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{2}{b+c}-1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{2}{c+a}-1\right)^2+9\ge9\)