a)

\(\begin{array}{l}A = \left( {2 + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{2}{5}} \right) - \left( {7 - \frac{3}{5} - \frac{4}{3}} \right) - \left( {\frac{1}{5} + \frac{5}{3} - 4} \right).\\A = \left( {\frac{{30}}{{15}} + \frac{5}{{15}} - \frac{6}{{15}}} \right) - \left( {\frac{{105}}{{15}} - \frac{9}{{15}} - \frac{{20}}{{15}}} \right) - \left( {\frac{3}{{15}} + \frac{{25}}{{15}} - \frac{{60}}{{15}}} \right)\\A = \frac{{29}}{{15}} - \frac{{76}}{{15}} - \left( {\frac{{ - 32}}{{15}}} \right)\\A = \frac{{29}}{{15}} - \frac{{76}}{{15}} + \frac{{32}}{{15}}\\A = \frac{{ - 15}}{{15}}\\A =  - 1\end{array}\)

b)

\(\begin{array}{l}A = \left( {2 + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{2}{5}} \right) - \left( {7 - \frac{3}{5} - \frac{4}{3}} \right) - \left( {\frac{1}{5} + \frac{5}{3} - 4} \right)\\A = 2 + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{2}{5} - 7 + \frac{3}{5} + \frac{4}{3} - \frac{1}{5} - \frac{5}{3} + 4\\A = \left( {2 - 7 + 4} \right) + \left( {\frac{1}{3} + \frac{4}{3} - \frac{5}{3}} \right) + \left( { - \frac{2}{5} + \frac{3}{5} - \frac{1}{5}} \right)\\A =  - 1 + 0 + 0 =  - 1\end{array}\)

a) Cách 1:

 \(\begin{array}{l}\left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{{ - 5}} + \frac{{ - 5}}{{ - 6}}} \right) + \frac{4}{5} = \frac{2}{5} + \frac{5}{6} + \frac{4}{5}\\ = \frac{{12}}{{30}} + \frac{{25}}{{30}} + \frac{{24}}{{30}} = \frac{{61}}{{30}}\end{array}\)

Cách 2:

\(\begin{array}{l}\left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{{ - 5}} + \frac{{ - 5}}{{ - 6}}} \right) + \frac{4}{5} = \left( {\frac{2}{5} + \frac{4}{5}} \right) + \frac{5}{6}\\ = \frac{6}{5} + \frac{5}{6} = \frac{{36}}{{30}} + \frac{{25}}{{30}} = \frac{{61}}{{30}}\end{array}\)

b) Cách 1:

 \(\begin{array}{l}\frac{{ - 3}}{{ - 4}} + \left( {\frac{{11}}{{ - 15}} + \frac{{ - 1}}{2}} \right) = \frac{3}{4} + \frac{{ - 11}}{{15}} + \frac{{ - 1}}{2}\\ = \frac{{45}}{{60}} + \frac{{ - 44}}{{60}} + \frac{{ - 30}}{{60}}\\ = \frac{{ - 29}}{{60}}\end{array}\).

Cách 2:

\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{{ - 3}}{{ - 4}} + \left( {\frac{{11}}{{ - 15}} + \frac{{ - 1}}{2}} \right) = \frac{3}{4} + \frac{{ - 11}}{{15}} + \frac{{ - 1}}{2}\\ = \left( {\frac{3}{4} + \frac{{ - 1}}{2}} \right) + \frac{{ - 11}}{{15}}\\ = \left( {\frac{3}{4} + \frac{{ - 2}}{4}} \right) + \frac{{ - 11}}{{15}}\\ = \frac{1}{4} + \frac{{ - 11}}{{15}}\\ = \frac{{15}}{{60}} + \frac{{ - 44}}{{60}}\\ = \frac{{ - 29}}{{60}}\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}a)\left( {\frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{6}} \right):\frac{5}{4} + \left( {\frac{1}{4} + \frac{3}{8}} \right):\frac{5}{2}\\ = \left( {\frac{4}{6} + \frac{1}{6}} \right).\frac{4}{5} + \left( {\frac{2}{8} + \frac{3}{8}} \right).\frac{2}{5}\\ = \frac{5}{6}.\frac{4}{5} + \frac{5}{8}.\frac{2}{5}\\ = \frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{4}\\ = \frac{8}{{12}} + \frac{3}{{12}}\\ = \frac{{11}}{{12}}\\b)\frac{5}{9}:\left( {\frac{1}{{11}} - \frac{5}{{22}}} \right) + \frac{7}{4}.\left( {\frac{1}{{14}} - \frac{2}{7}} \right)\\ = \frac{5}{9}:\left( {\frac{2}{{22}} - \frac{5}{{22}}} \right) + \frac{7}{4}.\left( {\frac{1}{{14}} - \frac{4}{{14}}} \right)\\ = \frac{5}{9}:\frac{{ - 3}}{{22}} + \frac{7}{4}.\frac{{ - 3}}{{14}}\\ = \frac{5}{9}.\frac{{ - 22}}{3} + \frac{{ - 3}}{8}\\ = \frac{{ - 110}}{{27}} + \frac{{ - 3}}{8}\\ = \frac{{ - 880}}{{216}} + \frac{{ - 81}}{{216}}\\ = \frac{{ - 961}}{{216}}\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}a)A = (2 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{8}):(1 - \frac{3}{2} - \frac{3}{4})\\ = (\frac{{16}}{8} - \frac{4}{8} - \frac{1}{8}):(\frac{4}{4} - \frac{6}{4} - \frac{3}{4})\\ = \frac{{11}}{8}:\frac{{ - 5}}{4}\\ = \frac{{11}}{8}.\frac{4}{{ - 5}}\\ = \frac{{ - 11}}{{10}}\\b)B = 5 - \frac{{1 + \frac{1}{3}}}{{1 - \frac{1}{3}}}\\ = 5 - \frac{{\frac{3}{3} + \frac{1}{3}}}{{\frac{3}{3} - \frac{1}{3}}}\\ = 5 - \frac{{\frac{4}{3}}}{{\frac{2}{3}}}\\ = 5 - \frac{4}{3}:\frac{2}{3}\\ = 5 - \frac{4}{3}.\frac{3}{2}\\ = 5 - 2\\ = 3\end{array}\)

Chú ý:

Khi thực hiện phép cộng hai phân số, nếu phân số thu được chưa tối giản thì ta rút gọn thành phân số tối giản.

a) Cách 1:

\(\begin{array}{l}(8 + 2\frac{1}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + 0,4) - (3\frac{1}{3} - 2)\\ = (8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + \frac{4}{{10}}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - 2)\\ = 8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5} - 5 - \frac{2}{5} - \frac{{10}}{3} + 2\\ = (8 - 5 + 2) + (\frac{7}{3} - \frac{{10}}{3}) - (\frac{3}{5} + \frac{2}{5})\\ = 5 + \frac{{ - 3}}{3} - \frac{5}{5}\\ = 5 + ( - 1) - 1\\ = 3\end{array}\)

Cách 2:

\(\begin{array}{l}(8 + 2\frac{1}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + 0,4) - (3\frac{1}{3} - 2)\\ = (8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + \frac{4}{{10}}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - 2)\\ = (\frac{{120}}{{15}} + \frac{{35}}{{15}} - \frac{9}{{15}}) - (\frac{{25}}{5} + \frac{2}{5}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - \frac{6}{3})\\ = \frac{{146}}{{15}} - \frac{{27}}{5} - \frac{4}{3}\\ = \frac{{146}}{{15}} - \frac{{81}}{{15}} - \frac{{20}}{{15}}\\ = \frac{{45}}{{15}}\\ = 3\end{array}\)

b)

\(\begin{array}{l}(7 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{3}{4}):(5 - \frac{1}{4} - \frac{5}{8})\\ = (\frac{{28}}{4} - \frac{2}{4} - \frac{3}{4}):(\frac{{40}}{8} - \frac{2}{8} - \frac{5}{8})\\ = \frac{{23}}{4}:\frac{{33}}{8}\\ = \frac{{23}}{4}.\frac{8}{{33}}\\ = \frac{{46}}{{33}}\end{array}\)

a) \(\left(-5\right)^{-1}=-\dfrac{1}{5}\)

b) \(2^0\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{-5}=1\cdot32=32\)

c) \(6^{-2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{-3}:2^{-2}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{36}\cdot27:\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(=\dfrac{27\cdot4}{36}=3\)

C₁: dễ nên tự làm nhé

C₂: \(A=\left(6-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{2}\right)-\left(5+\frac{5}{3}-\frac{3}{2}\right)-\left(3-\frac{7}{2}+\frac{5}{2}\right)\)

\(=6-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-5-\frac{5}{3}+\frac{3}{2}-3+\frac{7}{3}-\frac{5}{2}\)

\(=6-5-3+\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{3}{2}-\frac{5}{2}\right)-\left(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{5}{3}-\frac{7}{3}\right)\)

\(=-2-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{-4}{2}-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{-5}{2}\)

B= \(\frac{1.2.3.4.5}{2.3.4.5.6}=\frac{1}{6}\)

Cách 1:

A = \(\left(6-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{2}\right)-\left(5+\frac{5}{3}-\frac{3}{2}\right)-\left(3-\frac{7}{3}+\frac{5}{2}\right)\)

A = \(\frac{35}{6}-\frac{31}{6}-\frac{19}{6}\)

A = \(\frac{-15}{6}=\frac{-5}{2}\)

Cách 2:

A = \(\left(6-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{2}\right)-\left(5+\frac{5}{3}-\frac{3}{2}\right)-\left(3-\frac{7}{3}+\frac{5}{2}\right)\)

A = \(6-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-5-\frac{5}{3}+\frac{3}{2}-3+\frac{7}{3}-\frac{5}{2}\)

A = \(6-5-3-\frac{2}{3}-\frac{5}{3}+\frac{7}{3}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{3}{2}-\frac{5}{2}\)

A = \(\left(6-5-3\right)-\left(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{5}{3}-\frac{7}{3}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{3}{2}-\frac{5}{2}\right)\)

A = \(-2-0+\left(2-\frac{5}{2}\right)\)

A = \(-2+\left(2-\frac{5}{2}\right)\)

A = \(-2+2-\frac{5}{2}\)

A = \(0-\frac{5}{2}\)

A = \(\frac{-5}{2}\)