tk đi làm cho hứa

a)M = 1 + 3 + 3² +....+ 3¹¹⁸ + 3¹¹⁹

M = (1 + 3 + 3²)+(3³+3⁴+3⁵)+...+(3¹¹⁷+3¹¹⁸+3¹¹⁹)

M = 1x(1+3+9)+3³x(1+3+9)+...+3¹¹⁷x(1+3+9)

M = 1x13+3³x13+...+3¹¹⁷x13

M = 13x(1+3³+...+3¹¹⁷)

Vậy M chia hết cho 13

a) M =1+3+3²+3³+......+3¹¹⁸+3¹¹⁹
M = ( 1+3+3² ) +...+ ( 3¹¹⁷ + 3¹¹⁸+3¹¹⁹ )
M = 1. ( 1+3+3² ) + ... + 3¹¹⁷ . ( 3¹¹⁷ + 3¹¹⁸+3¹¹⁹ )
M = ( 1+3+3² ) .( 1 + ... + 3¹¹⁷ )
M = 13 . ( 1 + ... + 3¹¹⁷ ) \(⋮\) 13 (đpcm )

b) Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}< \dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
...
\(\dfrac{1}{2009^2}< \dfrac{1}{2008.2009}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2010^2}< \dfrac{1}{2009.2010}\)

=> \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2009^2}+\dfrac{1}{2010^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2008.2009}+\dfrac{1}{2009.2010}\) (1)
Biến đổi vế trái:
\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2008.2009}+\dfrac{1}{2009.2010}\)

= \(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2008}-\dfrac{1}{2009}+\dfrac{1}{2009}-\dfrac{1}{2010}\)
= \(1-\dfrac{1}{2010}\)
= \(\dfrac{2009}{2010}< 1\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2), suy ra :
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2009^2}+\dfrac{1}{2010^2}\) < 1 hay:
N < 1

Bài 1:

a,\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2010}\)

\(=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+....+\left(3^{2007}+3^{2008}+3^{2009}+3^{2010}\right)\)

\(=3\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+....+3^{2007}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)

\(=3.40+...+3^{2007}.40\)

\(=40\left(3+3^5+...+3^{2007}\right)⋮40\)

Vì A chia hết cho 40 nên chữ số tận cùng của A là 0

b,\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2010}\)

\(3A=3^2+3^3+...+3^{2011}\)

\(3A-A=\left(3^2+3^3+...+3^{2011}\right)-\left(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2010}\right)\)

\(2A=3^{2011}-3\)

\(2A+3=3^{2011}\)

Vậy 2A+3 là 1 lũy thừa của 3

(3¹ + 3² +3³ ) + (3⁴ + 3⁵ +3⁶ ) + ... + (3²⁰⁰⁸ + 3²⁰⁰⁹ + 3²⁰¹⁰ )

= 3 ( 1+ 3 + 9 ) + 3⁴ ( 1+ 3 +9 ) + ... + 3²⁰⁰⁸ ( 1 + 3 +9 )

= 13 ( 3 + 3⁴ + ... + 3²⁰⁰⁸ )    chia hết cho 13

Câu 3: 

a: \(\Leftrightarrow n-1+4⋮n-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n-1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)

hay \(n\in\left\{2;0;3;-1;5;-3\right\}\)

b: \(\Leftrightarrow4n+2+1⋮2n+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2n+1\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

hay \(n\in\left\{0;-1\right\}\)

c: \(\Leftrightarrow4n-5=13k\left(k\in Z\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n=\dfrac{13k+5}{4}\)

Bài 1)

a) Ta có: \(A=m^2+m+1=m(m+1)+1\)

Vì $m,m+1$ là hai số tự nhiên liên tiếp nên tích của chúng chia hết cho $2$ hay $m(m+1)$ chẵn

Do đó $m(m+1)+1$ lẻ nên $A$ không chia hết cho $2$

b)

Nếu \(m=5k(k\in\mathbb{N})\Rightarrow A=25k^2+5k+1=5(5k^2+k)+1\) chia 5 dư 1

Nếu \(m=5k+1\Rightarrow A=(5k+1)^2+(5k+1)+1=25k^2+15k+3\) chia 5 dư 3

Nếu \(m=5k+2\Rightarrow A=(5k+2)^2+(5k+2)+1=25k^2+25k+7\) chia 5 dư 2

Nếu \(m=5k+3\Rightarrow A=(5k+3)^2+(5k+3)+1=25k^2+35k+13\) chia 5 dư 3

Nếu \(m=5k+4\) thì \(A=(5k+4)^2+(5k+4)+1=25k^2+45k+21\) chia 5 dư 1

Như vậy tóm tại $A$ không chia hết cho 5

Bài 2:

a) \(P=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{10}\)

\(=(2+2^2)+(2^3+2^4)+(2^5+2^6)+...+(2^9+2^{10})\)

\(=2(1+2)+2^3(1+2)+2^5(1+2)+..+2^9(1+2)\)

\(=3(2+2^3+2^5+..+2^9)\vdots 3\)

Ta có đpcm

b) \(P=(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5)+(2^6+2^7+2^8+2^9+2^{10})\)

\(=2(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4)+2^6(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4)\)

\(=(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4)(2+2^6)=31(2+2^6)\vdots 31\)

Ta có dpcm.

Bài 3:

a,b) \(Q=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{12}\)

\(Q=(3+3^2+3^3+3^4)+....+(3^9+3^{10}+3^{11}+3^{12})\)

\(=3(1+3+3^2+3^3)+3^5(1+3+3^2+3^3)+3^9(1+3+3^2+3^3)\)

\(=(1+3+3^2+3^3)(3+3^5+3^9)=40(3+3^5+3^9)\vdots 40\)

Do đó \(Q\vdots 10; Q\vdots 4\)

c) \(Q=(3+3^2+3^3)+(3^4+3^5+3^6)+...+(3^{10}+3^{11}+3^{12})\)

\(=3(1+3+3^2)+3^4(1+3+3^2)+...+3^{10}(1+3+3^2)\)

\(=13(3+3^4+...+3^{10})\vdots 13\)

Ta có đpcm.

b)

TA CÓ:

A=3⁰+3+3²+3³+........+3¹¹

(3⁰+3+3²+3³)+....+(3⁸+3⁹+3¹⁰+3¹¹)

3(0+1+3+3²)+......+3⁸(0+1+3+3²) 

3.13+....+3⁸.13 cHIA HẾT CHO 13 NÊN A CHIA HẾT CHO 13( đpcm)

câu 2 là so sánh nhé các bn các bn giúp mk nhé