1. A=4+4²+4³+...+4⁵⁰

4A=4(4²+4³+...+4⁵⁰)

4A=4²+4³+4⁴+..+4⁵⁰+4⁵¹

4A-A=4²+4³+4⁴+...+4⁵⁰+4⁵¹-4-4²-4³-..-4⁵⁰

3A=4⁵¹-4

A=(4⁵¹-4)/3

2. B=3+3²+...+3¹⁰⁰

3B=3²+3³+3⁴+..3¹⁰⁰+3¹⁰¹

.........................(làm tương tự A)

2.

C=1.2.3+2.3.4+4.5.6+5.6.7+....+28.29.30

4C=1.2.3.4+2.3.4.4+3.4.5.4+....+4.28.29.30

4C=1.2.3.4+2.3.4.(5-1)+3.4.5.(6-2)+...+28.29.30.(31-27)

4C=1.2.3.4+2.3.4.5-1.2.3.4+3.4.5.6-2.3.4.5+...+28.29.30.31-27.28.29

4C=28.29.30.31

C=28.29.30.31:4

c=188790

Ta có:

\(A=\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4.5}+....+\frac{1}{998.999.1000}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}A=\frac{2}{1.2.3}+\frac{2}{2.3.4}+\frac{2}{3.4.5}+....+\frac{2}{998.999.1000}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}A=\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+....+\frac{1}{998.999}-\frac{1}{999.1000}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{999.1000}=\frac{499499}{999000}\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{499499}{1998000}\)

\(B=\frac{1}{1.2.3.4.5}+\frac{1}{2.3.4.5.6}+\frac{1}{3.4.5.6.7}+\frac{1}{996.997.998.999.1000}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4}B=\frac{4}{1.2.3.4.5}+\frac{4}{2.3.4.5.6}+\frac{4}{3.4.5.6.7}+....+\frac{4}{996.997.998.999.1000}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4}B=\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}-\frac{1}{2.3.4.5}+\frac{1}{2.3.4.5}-\frac{1}{3.4.5.6}+\frac{1}{3.4.5.6}-\frac{1}{4.5.6.7}+...+\frac{1}{996.997.998.999}-\frac{1}{997.998.999.1000}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4}B=\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}-\frac{1}{997.998.999.1000}=\frac{41417124749}{994010994000}\Leftrightarrow B=\frac{41417124749}{3976043976000}\)

ta có:
4s=1.2.3.(4-0)+2.3.4.(5-1)+3.4.5.(6-2)+.........+k(k+1)(k+2)((k+3)-(k-1))
4s=1.2.3.4-1.2.3.0+2.3.4.5-1.2.3.4+3.4.5.6-2.3.4.5+........+k(k+1)(k+2)(k+3)-(k-1)k(k+1)(k+2)
4s=k(k+1)(k+2)(k+3)
ta biết rằng tích 4 số tự nhiên liên tiếp khi cộng thêm 1 luôn là 1 số chính phương
=>4s+1 là 1 số chính phương

Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4\cdot5}+...+\dfrac{1}{98\cdot99\cdot100}\)

Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4\cdot5}+...+\dfrac{1}{98\cdot99\cdot100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2A=\dfrac{2}{1\cdot2\cdot3}+\dfrac{2}{2\cdot3\cdot4}+\dfrac{2}{3\cdot4\cdot5}+...+\dfrac{2}{98\cdot99\cdot100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2A=-\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}-\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}-\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{4\cdot5}-\dfrac{1}{4\cdot5}+...-\dfrac{1}{98\cdot99}+\dfrac{1}{99\cdot100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2A=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{99\cdot100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2A=\dfrac{-1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{9900}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2A=\dfrac{-4950}{9900}+\dfrac{1}{9900}=\dfrac{-4949}{9900}\)

hay \(A=\dfrac{-4949}{19800}\)