Read the Learn this! box. Complete the examples and rules. How many more examples of each tense can you find in the article?

Find all the examples of the past simple and the present perfect in the article. Complete the rules in the Learn this! box below with present perfect or past simple. Then underline an example of each rule in the article.

LEARN THIS! Present perfect and past simple

a. We use ¹___________ to talk about a specific occasion in the past.

b. We use ²___________ to talk about a specific period of time that is still continuing.

c. We use ³___________ to say how long a situation has existed, often with for, since, or how long.

d. We use ⁴___________to talk about an event that has a strong connection with the present, often with just, already, or yet.

e. We use ⁵___________to talk about an experience at an unspecified time in the past, often with ever or never.

Read the Learn this! box. Match each highlighted phrase in the dialogue with a rule (a-f).

Read the Learn this! box. Which examples of do, make and take in the dialogue in exercise 2 match the basic meanings in the Learn this! box?

Studying the use of articles in the dialogue. Complete the Learn this! Box with a / an, the or – (no article).

LEARN THIS! Articles

a. We use ¹________when we mention something for the first time and ²________when we mention it again.

b. We use ³________when it is clear what we are talking about and in superlatives.

c. We use ⁴________to say what someone's jobs is.

d. We use ⁵________when we make generalization.

e. We use ⁶________to mean ‘per’ or ‘in each’

f. there are set phrases which do not follow a rule

Read the Leam this! box. Underline an example of the present perfect simple for a completed action in exercise 2.

Look at the highlighted sentences in the dialogue and answer the questions below. Then read the Learn this! box and complete the examples.

1 What tense is used in the if clause?

2 What form is used in the main clause?

3 How is ‘have’ pronounced?

3. Find examples of the present simple and present continuous in the messages in exercise 2. Then read the Learn this! box and complete the rules.

(Tìm những ví dụ về thì hiện tại đơn và hiện tại tiếp diễn trong đoạn tin nhắn trong bài 2. Sau đó đọc hộp Learn this! và hoàn thành các quy tắc.)

LEARN THIS! Present tense contrast

We use:

a. the (1) present simple for something that happens regularly, always or never.

b. the (2) _____ for something that happens at this moment.

c. the (3) _____ for something that happens around this time.

d. the (4) _____ for stating a fact.

e. the (5) _____ with certain verbs that we do not usually use in continuous tenses: believe, know, like, love, need, understand, want, etc.

f. the (6) _____ for future arrangements.

Read the Learn this! box. Complete the rules (a-g) with the correct tenses: present simple or present continuous.

LEARN THIS! Present simple and continuous.

We use:

a. the _______________ for habits and routines.

b. the _______________for something happening now or about now.

c. the _______________for describing annoying behaviour (with always)

d. the _______________for a permanent situation or fact.

e. the _______________for timetables and schedules.

f. the _______________for future arrangements.

g. the _______________in future time clauses (starting with when, as soon as, after, if, etc.)