\(2.\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2=a^2-2ab+b^2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=-2ab\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a=-b\)

Vậy a và b là 2 số đối nhau 

\(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2=a^2-2ab+b^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=-b\)

Vậy a và b là hai số đối nhau (đpcm)

2( a² + b² ) = ( a - b )²

<=> 2a² + 2b² = a² - 2ab + b²

<=> 2a² + 2b² - a² + 2ab - b² = 0

<=> a² + 2ab + b² = 0

<=> ( a + b )² = 0

<=> a + b = 0

<=> a = -b

=> đpcm

a. \(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2=a^2+b^2-2ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2=-2ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=0\Leftrightarrow a=-b\) (đpcm)

b. \(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3-2a-2b-2c=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)+\left(c^2-2c+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)

Vì \(\left(a-1\right)^2;\left(b-1\right)^2;\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2=\left(b-1\right)^2=\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a-1=b-1=c-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)

c. \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

Tương tự câu b ta có a = b = c

#)Giải :

a) Để C/m a và b là hai số đối nhau => a + b = 0

Ta có : \(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2=a^2-2ab+b^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2-a^2-2ab+b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=0a\Leftrightarrow a+b=0\)

\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)

\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+2\right)}+\dfrac{b+1}{12}+\dfrac{c+2}{18}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3\left(b+1\right)\left(c+2\right)}{216\left(b+1\right)\left(c+2\right)}}=\dfrac{a}{2}\)

Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^3}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+2\right)}+\dfrac{c+1}{12}+\dfrac{a+2}{18}\ge\dfrac{b}{2}\)

\(\dfrac{c^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+2\right)}+\dfrac{a+1}{12}+\dfrac{b+2}{18}\ge\dfrac{c}{2}\)

Cộng vế:

\(VT+\dfrac{5}{36}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{7}{12}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{13}{36}\left(a+b+c\right)-\dfrac{7}{12}\ge\dfrac{13}{36}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}-\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)

Ta có : \(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)

\(=\frac{-\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{-\left(b-c\right)+\left(b-a\right)}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{-\left(c-a\right)+\left(c-b\right)}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)

\(=-\frac{1}{a-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{-1}{b-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{-1}{c-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}\)

\(=\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\)

\(=\frac{2}{a-b}+\frac{2}{b-c}+\frac{2}{c-a}\)

a.

\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=6\) \(\Rightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge12\Rightarrow-12\ge-2\left(a+b+c\right)\)

Ta có:

\(a^2+b^2+c^2=a^2+4+b^2+4+c^2+4-12\ge4a+4b+4c-2\left(a+b+c\right)=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)

b.

\(a^3+b^3+c^3=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^3+a^3+8\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(b^3+b^3+8\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(c^3+c^3+8\right)-12\)

\(\ge3a^2+3b^2+3c^2-12\ge3a^2+3b^2+3c^2-2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge3a^2+3b^2+3c^2-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=...\)

Ta có \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\)

Áp dụng bđt cosi ta có:

\(\frac{a^3}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+2\right)}+\frac{b+1}{12}+\frac{c+2}{18}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{12.18}}=\frac{a}{2}\)

Làm tương tự

=>\(VT+\left(\frac{a+1}{12}+\frac{a+2}{18}\right)+\left(\frac{b+1}{12}+\frac{b+2}{18}\right)+\left(\frac{c+1}{12}+\frac{c+2}{18}\right)\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)

=> \(VT\ge\frac{13}{36}.\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{7}{12}\ge\frac{13}{36}.3-\frac{7}{12}=\frac{1}{2}\)(ĐPCM)

a là số liền sau của b<=>a=b+1

=>a+b=b+1+b=2b+1(1)

 a^2-b^2=(b+1)^2-b^2=(b+1)(b+1)-b^2

=b(b+1)+1(b+1)-b^2=b^2+b+b+1-b^2=2b+1(2)

 Từ (1) và (2)=>đpcm