Bài 1

a) S = 1 + 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2²⁰²³

2S = 2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴ + ... + 2²⁰²⁴

S = 2S - S = (2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2²⁰²⁴) - (1 + 2 + 2² + 2³)

= 2²⁰²⁴ - 1

b) B = 2²⁰²⁴

B - 1 = 2²⁰²⁴ - 1 = S

B = S + 1

Vậy B > S

a,

\(S=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2023}\)

\(2S=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2024}\)

\(\Rightarrow S=2^{2024}-1\)

b.

Do \(2^{2024}-1< 2^{2024}\)

\(\Rightarrow S< B\)

2.

\(H=3+3^2+...+3^{2022}\)

\(\Rightarrow3H=3^2+3^3+...+3^{2023}\)

\(\Rightarrow3H-H=3^{2023}-3\)

\(\Rightarrow2H=3^{2023}-3\)

\(\Rightarrow H=\dfrac{3^{2023}-3}{2}\)

Bài 2

H = 3 + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3²⁰²²

⇒ 3H = 3² + 3³ + 3⁴ + ... + 3²⁰²³

⇒2H = 3H - H

= (3² + 3³ + 3⁴ + ... + 3²⁰²³) - (3 + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3²⁰²²)

= 3²⁰²³ - 3

⇒ H = (3²⁰²³ - 3) : 2

       A = 1 + 3 + 3² + 3³ + 3⁴ + ... + 3²⁰²²

     3A = 3  + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3⁴ + ... + 3²⁰²² + 3²⁰²³

3A - A = (3 + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3⁴ + 3²⁰²² + 3²⁰²³) - (1 + 3+...+ 3²⁰²²)

2A     = 3 + 3² + 3³ + 3⁴ + ... + 3²⁰²² + 3²⁰²³ - 1 - 3 - ... - 3²⁰²²

2A =  (3 - 3) + (3² - 3²) + (3⁴ - 3⁴) + (3²⁰²² - 3²⁰²²) + (3²⁰²³ - 1)

2A = 3²⁰²³ - 1 

 A  = \(\dfrac{3^{2023}-1}{2}\)

A = \(\dfrac{3^{2023}}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

B - A = \(\dfrac{3^{2023}}{2}\) - (\(\dfrac{3^{2023}}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\))

B - A = \(\dfrac{3^{2023}}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{3^{2023}}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

B - A = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(A=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2022}\)

\(=1+\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{2020}+3^{2021}+3^{2022}\right)\)

\(=1+3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{2020}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)

\(=1+13\left(3+3^4+...+3^{2020}\right)\)

=>A chia 13 dư 1

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A = 1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3²⁰²³

⇒ 3A = 3 + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3²⁰²³ + 3²⁰²⁴

⇒ 2A = 3A - A

= (3 + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3²⁰²³ + 3²⁰²⁴) - (1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3²⁰²³)

= 3²⁰²⁴ - 1

⇒ A = (3²⁰²⁴ - 1) : 2

⇒ A < B

A=1+3+3²+3³+3⁴+........+3²⁰²²+3²⁰²³

3A=3+3²+3³+............+3²⁰²³+3²⁰²⁴

3A-A=(3+3²+3³+..........+3²⁰²³+3²⁰²⁴

A=1+3+3²+...+3²⁰²²+3²⁰²³

3A=3+3²+3³+...+3²⁰²³+3²⁰²⁴

3A-A=(3+3²+3³+...+3²⁰²³+3²⁰²⁴)-(1+3+3²+...+3²⁰²²+3²⁰²³)

2A=3²⁰²⁴-1

A=(3²⁰²⁴-1):2

ta thấy 3²⁰²⁴-1 lớn hơn (3²⁰²⁴-1):2

vậy B lớn A

anh tai sadboy

Lời giải:

$A=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2021}$

$3A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2022}$

$\Rightarrow 3A-A=(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2022}) - (1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2021})$

$\Rightarrow 2A=3^{2022}-1$

$\Rightarrow A=\frac{3^{2022}-1}{2}$

$B-A=\frac{3^{2022}}{2}-\frac{3^{2022}-1}{2}=\frac{1}{2}$

Bài 1:

a. $2^{29}< 5^{29}< 5^{39}$

$\Rightarrow A< B$

b.

$B=(3^1+3^2)+(3^3+3^4)+(3^5+3^6)+...+(3^{2009}+3^{2010})$

$=3(1+3)+3^3(1+3)+3^5(1+3)+...+3^{2009}(1+3)$

$=(1+3)(3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{2009})$

$=4(3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{2009})\vdots 4$

Mặt khác:

$B=(3+3^2+3^3)+(3^4+3^5+3^6)+....+(3^{2008}+3^{2009}+3^{2010})$

$=3(1+3+3^2)+3^4(1+3+3^2)+...+3^{2008}(1+3+3^2)$

$=(1+3+3^2)(3+3^4+....+3^{2008})=13(3+3^4+...+3^{2008})\vdots 13$

Bài 1:
c.

$A=1-3+3^2-3^3+3^4-...+3^{98}-3^{99}+3^{100}$

$3A=3-3^2+3^3-3^4+3^5-...+3^{99}-3^{100}+3^{101}$

$\Rightarrow A+3A=3^{101}+1$
$\Rightarrow 4A=3^{101}+1$

$\Rightarrow A=\frac{3^{101}+1}{4}$

Bài 2:

a. $7\vdots n+1$

$\Rightarrow n+1\in \left\{1; -1; 7; -7\right\}$

$\Rightarrow n\in \left\{0; -2; 6; -8\right\}$

b.

$2n+5\vdots n+1$
$\Rightarrow 2(n+1)+3\vdots n+1$

$\Rightarrow 3\vdots n+1$

$\Rightarrow n+1\in \left\{1; -1; 3; -3\right\}$

$\Rightarrow n\in \left\{0; -2; 2; -4\right\}$

\(A=\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{2016.2017}\right):2\)

\(=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2017}\right):2\)

\(=\left(1-\frac{1}{2017}\right):2\)\(< \)\(\frac{1}{2}\)   (Do 1 - 1/2017 < 1)