Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

0.2     0.4         0.2        0.2

\(nHCl=0.2\times2=0.4mol\)

a.\(m=0.2\times24=4.8g\); \(V=0.2\times22.4=4.48l\)

b.MgCl2 + 2NaOH -> Mg(OH)2 + NaCl 

    0.2                              0.2

\(mNaOH=20\%\times100=20g\Rightarrow nNaOH=0.5mol\)

=> MgCl2 hết, NaOH dư

\(mMg\left(OH\right)2=0.2\times58=11.6g\)

a) FeO + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2O

FeCl2 + 2 NaOH -> Fe(OH)2 (kết tủa) + 2 NaCl

m(rắn)=m(kt)=mFe(OH)2=24(g)

=> nFe(OH)2= 24/90= 8/45 (mol)

=> nFeO=nFeCl2=nFe(OH)2= 8/45(mol)

=>m=mFeO=8/45 . 72=12,8(g)

nHCl=2.nFeCl2=2.nFe(OH)2=2. 8/45 = 16/45(mol)

-> VddHCl= (16/45)/ 1= 16/45 (l)= 355,556(ml)

1/ nNaCl=5,85/58,5=0,1 mol. 
nAgNO3=34/170=0,2 mol. 
PTPU: NaCl+AgNO3=>AgCl+NaNO3 
vì NaCl và AgNO3 phan ung theo ti le 1:1 (nAgNO3 p.u=nNaCl=0,1 mol) 
=>AgNO3 du 
nAgNO3 du= 0,2-0,1=0,1 mol. 
Ta tinh luong san pham theo chat p.u het la NaCl 
sau p.u co: AgNO3 du:0,1 mol; AgCl ket tua va NaCl: nAgCl=nNaNO3=nNaCl=0,1 mol.V(dd)=300+200=500ml=0,5 ()l 
=>khoi lg ket tua: mAgCl=0,1.143,5=14,35 g 
C(M)AgNO3=C(M)NaNO3=n/V=0,1/0,5=0,2 M

PTHH: \(2Na+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2\uparrow\)  (1)

            \(Na_2SO_4+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow2NaOH+BaSO_4\downarrow\)  (2)

            \(2NaOH+MgCl_2\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)  (3)

            \(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)  (4)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{60\cdot14,25\%}{208}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{30\cdot19\%}{95}=0,06\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\) PT (2) p/ứ hết; PT (3) có MgCl₂ dư 0,01 mol  

\(\Rightarrow n_{MgO}=n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{rắn}=m_{MgO}+m_{BaSO_4}=0,05\cdot\left(40+233\right)=13,65\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,1\cdot58,5=5,85\left(g\right)\\m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot98}{4,9\%}=100\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\cdot58=2,9\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{Na}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}+m_{ddBaCl_2}+m_{ddMgCl_2}-m_{BaSO_4}-m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=177,75\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{177,75}\cdot100\%\approx3,29\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,01\cdot95}{177,75}\cdot100\%\approx0,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\)