bài 1) Đặt \(B=\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\)

Ta có: \(A=B.\left(\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{n}{p-m}\right)=B.\frac{p}{m-n}+B.\frac{m}{n-p}+B.\frac{n}{p-m}\)

\(B.\frac{p}{m-n}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{p}{m-n}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{p}{m-n}\)

\(=1+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{p}{m-n}=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\left(\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right)\)

\(=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\left[\frac{\left(n-p\right).n}{mn}+\frac{\left(p-m\right).m}{mn}\right]=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\frac{n^2-np+pm-m^2}{mn}\)

\(=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\frac{\left(m-n\right).\left(p-m-n\right)}{mn}=1+\frac{p.\left(m-n\right).\left(p-m-n\right)}{\left(m-n\right).mn}=1+\frac{p.\left(p-m-n\right)}{mn}\)

\(=1+\frac{p^2-pm-pn}{mn}=1+\frac{p^2-p.\left(m+n\right)}{mn}\)

Vì m+n+p=0=>m+n=-p

\(=>B.\frac{p}{m-n}=1+\frac{p^2-p.\left(-p\right)}{mn}=1+\frac{2p^2}{mn}=1+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}\left(1\right)\)

\(B.\frac{m}{n-p}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{m}{n-p}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{m}{n-p}\)

\(=1+\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{m}{n-p}=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right)\)

\(=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\left[\frac{\left(m-n\right).n}{np}+\frac{\left(p-m\right).p}{np}\right]=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\frac{mn-n^2+p^2-mp}{np}\)

\(=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\frac{\left(n-p\right).\left(m-n-p\right)}{np}=1+\frac{m.\left(n-p\right).\left(m-n-p\right)}{\left(n-p\right).np}=1+\frac{m.\left(m-n-p\right)}{np}\)

\(=1+\frac{m^2-mn-mp}{np}=1+\frac{m^2-m\left(n+p\right)}{np}=1+\frac{m^2-m.\left(-m\right)}{np}=1+\frac{2m^2}{np}=1+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}\left(2\right)\) (vì m+n+p=0=>n+p=-m)

\(B.\frac{n}{p-m}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{n}{p-m}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{n}{p-m}\)

\(=1+\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{n}{p-m}=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}\right)\)

\(=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\left[\frac{\left(m-n\right).m}{pm}+\frac{\left(n-p\right).p}{pm}\right]=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\frac{m^2-mn+np-p^2}{pm}\)

\(=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\frac{\left(p-m\right).\left(n-p-m\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{n.\left(p-m\right).\left(n-p-m\right)}{\left(p-m\right).pm}=1+\frac{n.\left(n-p-m\right)}{pm}\)

\(=1+\frac{n^2-np-mn}{pm}=1+\frac{n^2-n\left(p+m\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{n^2-n.\left(-n\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{2n^2}{pm}=1+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}\left(3\right)\) (vì m+n+p=0=>p+m=-n)

Từ (1),(2),(3) suy ra :

\(A=B.\frac{p}{m-n}+B.\frac{m}{n-p}+B.\frac{n}{p-m}=\left(1+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}\right)\)

\(=3+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}=3+\frac{2.\left(m^3+n^3+p^3\right)}{mnp}\)

*Tới đây để tính được m³+n³+p³,ta cần CM được bài toán phụ sau:

Đề: Cho m+n+p=0.CMR: \(m^3+n^3+p^3=3mnp\)

Từ m+n+p=0=>m+n=-p

Ta có: \(m^3+n^3+p^3=\left(m+n\right)^3-3m^2n-3mn^2+p^3=-p^3-3mn\left(m+n\right)+p^3\)

\(=-3mn\left(m+n\right)=-3mn.\left(-p\right)=3mnp\)

Vậy ta đã CM được bài toán phụ

*Trở lại bài toán chính: \(A=3+\frac{2.3mnp}{mnp}=3+\frac{6mnp}{mnp}=3+6=9\)

Vậy A=9

bài 2)

a)Nhận thấy các thừa số của A đều có dạng tổng quát sau:

\(n^3+1=n^3+1^3=\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2-n+1\right)=\left(n+1\right).\left(n^2-n+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)

\(=\left(n+1\right).\left(n^2-2.n.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)=\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]=\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]\)

\(n^3-1=n^3-1^3=\left(n-1\right)\left(n^2+n+1\right)=\left(n-1\right).\left(n^2+n+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)

\(=\left(n-1\right).\left(n^2+2.n.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)=\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]=\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]\)

suy ra \(\frac{n^3+1}{n^3-1}=\frac{\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}\)

Do đó: \(\frac{2^3+1}{2^3-1}=\frac{\left(2+1\right).\left[\left(2-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(2-1\right).\left[\left(2+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{3.\left(1,5^2+0,75\right)}{1.\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)}\)

\(\frac{3^3+1}{3^3-1}=\frac{\left(3+1\right).\left[\left(3-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(3-1\right).\left[\left(3+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{4.\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)}{2.\left(3,5^2+0,75\right)}\)

...........................

\(\frac{10^3+1}{10^3-1}=\frac{\left(10+1\right).\left[\left(10-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(10-1\right).\left[\left(10+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{11.\left(9,5^2+0,75\right)}{9.\left(10,5^2+0,75\right)}\)

\(=>A=\frac{3\left(1,5^2+0,75\right).4\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)........11.\left(9,5^2+0,75\right)}{1\left(2,5^2+0,75\right).2.\left(3,5^2+0,75\right)........9\left(10,5^2+0,75\right)}=\frac{3.4........11}{1.2......9}.\frac{1,5^2+0,75}{10,5^2+0,75}\)

\(=\frac{10.11}{2}.\frac{1}{37}=\frac{2036}{37}\)

Vậy A=2036/37

b) có thể ở chỗ 1+1/4 bn nhầm,phải là \(1^4+\frac{1}{4}\) ,mà chắc cũng chẳng sao,vì 1⁴=1 mà

Nhận thấy các thừa số của B có dạng tổng quát:

\(n^4+\frac{1}{4}=n^4+n^2+\frac{1}{4}-n^2=\left(n^2\right)^2+2.n^2.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-n^2=\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-n^2\)

\(=\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}-n\right)\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}+n\right)\)

\(B=\frac{\left(1^2+\frac{1}{2}-1\right).\left(1^2+\frac{1}{2}+1\right).\left(3^2+\frac{1}{2}+3\right).\left(3^2+\frac{1}{2}-3\right)..........\left(9^2+\frac{1}{2}-9\right).\left(9^2+\frac{1}{2}+9\right)}{\left(2^2+\frac{1}{2}-2\right).\left(2^2+\frac{1}{2}+2\right).\left(4^2+\frac{1}{2}-4\right).\left(4^2+\frac{1}{2}+4\right)......\left(10^2+\frac{1}{2}-10\right).\left(10^2+\frac{1}{2}+10\right)}\)

Mặt khác,ta cũng có: \(\left(a+1\right)^2-\left(a+1\right)+\frac{1}{2}=a^2+2a+1-a-1+\frac{1}{2}=a^2+a+\frac{1}{2}\)

Suy ra \(B=\frac{1^2+\frac{1}{2}-1}{10^2+\frac{1}{2}+10}=\frac{1}{221}\)

Vậy B=1/221

a) \(\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^m=\frac{1}{32}\)

\(=>\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^m=\frac{1^5}{2^5}\)

\(=>\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^m=\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^5\)

\(=>m=5\)

b) \(\frac{343}{125}=\left(\frac{7}{5}\right)^n\)

\(=>\frac{7^3}{5^3}=\left(\frac{7}{5}\right)^n\)

\(=>\left(\frac{7}{5}\right)^3=\left(\frac{7}{5}\right)^n\)

\(=>n=3\)

a) \(\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^m=\frac{1}{32}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^m=\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^5\)

=> m =5

b) \(\frac{343}{125}=\left(\frac{7}{5}\right)^n\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{7}{5}\right)^3=\left(\frac{7}{5}\right)^n\)

=> n = 3

\(\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^M\)=\(\frac{1}{32}\)

\(\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^M=\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^5\)

-->M=5

b) \(\frac{343}{125}=\left(\frac{7}{5}\right)^n\)

\(\left(\frac{7}{5}\right)^3=\left(\frac{7}{5}\right)^n\)

--> n=3

  0  m, n  0;

 =   k0

 mnk = n(m+k)

 mk = m+k

 m(k-1)=k

m  0  k  2

TH1: k = 2  m = 2 (chọn)

TH2: k 3  m =  không nguyên (loại)

 m = 2

     k = 2

     n nguyên dương tùy ý  0

Sửa lại này, lúc nãy mình gõ trong Word rồi copy ra nên mất 1 số ký tự.

m/n khác 0 -> m; n khác 0

m/n = (m+k)/nk -> k khác 0

->mnk=n(m+k)

mk = m+k

m(k-1)=k

m khác 0 -> k lớn hơn hoặc bằng 2

Trường hợp 1: k=2 -> m=2 (chọn)

Trường hợp 2: k lớn hơn 2 -> m=k/(k-1) không nguyên (loại)

-> m=2; k=2; n nguyên dương tùy ý khác 0

\(1+2+...+n=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow E=1+\frac{1}{2}\frac{2.3}{2}+\frac{1}{3}.\frac{3.4}{2}+\frac{1}{4}.\frac{4.5}{2}+...+\frac{1}{200}.\frac{200.201}{2}\)

\(=1+\frac{1}{2}\left(3+4+5+...+201\right)\)

\(=1+\frac{1}{2}\left(1+2+3+...+201-1-2\right)\)

\(=1+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{201.202}{2}-3\right)=10150\)

\(\frac{21}{5}\left|x\right|< 2019\Rightarrow\left|x\right|< 2019\div\frac{21}{5}=\frac{3365}{7}\)

\(\Rightarrow-480\le x\le480\)

\(\Rightarrow\sum x=-480+480-479+479+...+-1+1+0=0\)

\(\frac{2^{24}\left(x-3\right)}{\frac{81}{35}.\left(6.2^{24}-2^{26}\right)}=\frac{25}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2^{24}\left(x-3\right)}{2^{24}\left(6-2^2\right)}=\frac{25}{9}.\frac{81}{35}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-3}{2}=\frac{45}{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=\frac{90}{7}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{111}{7}\)

a ) \(\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^m=\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^4\)

\(\Rightarrow m=4\)

b ) \(\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)^n=\left(\frac{9}{25}\right)^5\)

       \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{3}{5}^2\right)^n=\left(\frac{9}{25}\right)^5\)

       \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{9}{25}\right)^n=\left(\frac{9}{25}\right)^5\)

       \(\Leftrightarrow n=5\)

c ) \(\left(-0,25\right)^p=\frac{1}{256}\)

   \(\Leftrightarrow\left(-\frac{1}{4}\right)^p=\frac{1}{256}\)

   \(\Leftrightarrow\left(-\frac{1}{4}\right)^p=\left(-\frac{1}{4}\right)^4\)

   \(\Leftrightarrow p=4\)

\(a.\)

\(\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^m=\frac{1}{81}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^m=\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^4\)

\(\Rightarrow m=4\)

Vậy :        \(m=4\)

\(b.\)

\(\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)^n=\left(\frac{9}{25}\right)^5\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)^n=\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)^{15}\)

\(\Rightarrow n=5\)

Vậy :        \(n=5\)

\(c.\)

\(\left(-0,25\right)^p=\frac{1}{256}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(-\frac{1}{4}\right)^p=\frac{1}{256}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(-\frac{1}{4}\right)^p=\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^4\)

\(\Rightarrow p=4\)

Vậy :        \(p=4\)