p/s: Nhớ mãi cái hôm thi vio v19 Gặp câu này hong bt làm :((
lg: Đặt biểu thức= A
$<=> A^3 = 9 + 3\sqrt[3]{9-\frac{x}{27}}+A$
$<=> A(A^2- 3\sqrt[3]{9-\frac{x}{27}}) =9 = 1.9 = -1.-9 = -3.-3 = 3.3= -9.-1=9.1$
.... 

Đặt Q = \(\sqrt[3]{3+\sqrt{\frac{x}{27}}}\)+\(\sqrt[3]{3-\sqrt{\frac{x}{27}}}\)

 \(^{Q^3}\)=  3 + \(\sqrt{\frac{x}{27}}\)+3 - \(\sqrt{\frac{x}{27}}\)+3(\(\sqrt[3]{3+\sqrt{\frac{x}{27}}}\)*\(\sqrt[3]{3-\sqrt{\frac{x}{27}}}\) )(\(\sqrt[3]{3+\sqrt{\frac{x}{27}}}\)+\(\sqrt[3]{3-\sqrt{\frac{x}{27}}}\))

\(Q^3\)= 6 +3 \(\sqrt[3]{\left(3+\sqrt{\frac{x}{27}}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{\frac{x}{27}}\right)}\)\(Q\)

\(Q^3\)= 6+ 3\(\sqrt[3]{\left(3^2-\left(\sqrt{\frac{x}{27}}\right)^2\right)}\)\(Q\)

\(Q^3\)= 6 + 3 \(\sqrt[3]{9-\frac{x}{27}}\)\(Q\)

\(Q^3\)= 6 + 3\(\sqrt[3]{\frac{243-x}{27}}\)\(Q\)

\(Q^3\)= 6 + \(\sqrt[3]{243-x}\)\(Q\)

\(Q\)( \(Q^2\)- \(\sqrt[3]{243-x}\)) =6

\(Q\)=\(\frac{6}{Q^2-\sqrt[3]{243-x}}\)

Vì Q \(\in\)Z nên \(Q^2\)\(\in\)\(Z\), 6\(\in\)\(Z\) nên \(\sqrt[3]{243-x}\)\(\in\)\(Z\); \(Q^2\)- \(\sqrt[3]{243-x}\)\(\in\)\(Ư\left(6\right)\)=\(\left\{+-1;+-2;+-3;+-6\right\}\)

Suy ra 243 -x \(\in\)+ -1; + -8 ;+-27;....

\(Q^2\)-\(\sqrt[3]{243-x}\)= 1 \(\Rightarrow\)\(Q^2\)= 1+\(\sqrt[3]{243-x}\)Vì Q\(\in\)Z nên \(\sqrt[3]{243-x}\)= 8 

Suy ra x=241 hoặc x=245

Vậy......

Không biết  mk lm đúng hay sai mong mấy bn đóng góp ý kiến . Cảm ơn nhiều ạ

bạn làm sai từ cái \(\sqrt[3]{243-x}\in Z\)

a) Gọi biểu thức trên là A.

 \(ĐK:x\ge0\). Ta có: \(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+1}\) (1)

Để \(x\in Z\) thì \(\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+1}\in Z\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+1\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\left\{0;-2;2;-4\right\}\) nhưng do không có căn bậc 2 của số âm nên:

\(\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;2\right\}\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;4\right\}\). Thay vào (1) để thử lại ta thấy chỉ có x = 0 thỏa mãn.

Vậy có 1 nghiệm là x = 0

b) Gọi biểu thức trên là B. ĐK: \(x\ge0\)

\(B=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{2}-5\right)}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}-10}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{10}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

Để \(x\in Z\) thì \(\frac{10}{\sqrt{x}+1}\in Z\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+1\inƯ\left(10\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm5;\pm10\right\}\)

Đến đây bạn tiếp tục lập bảng tìm \(\sqrt{x}\) rồi bình phương tất cả các giá trị của \(\sqrt{x}\) để tìm được các giá trị của x nhé!. Nhưng lưu ý rằng làm xong phải thử lại bằng cách thế vào B để tìm nghiệm chính xác nhất nhé!

c) Tương tự như trên,bạn tự làm

d) Tương tự như câu a),bạn tự làm. Mình lười òi =))

\(\frac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\frac{2\sqrt{x}+4-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}=2-\frac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)

Để 

\(\Rightarrow\frac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow5⋮\sqrt{x}+2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+2\in\left(-1;1;-5;5\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left(-3;-1;-7;3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left(9;1;49\right)\)

\(ĐKXĐ:\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-9\ne0\\\sqrt{x}-2\ne0\\\sqrt{x}+3\ne0;x\ge0\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne9\\x\ne4\\x\ge0\end{cases}}\)

Vậy...................................................

\(A=\left(\frac{x-3\sqrt{x}}{x-9}-1\right):\left(\frac{9-x}{x+\sqrt{x}-6}+\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-1\right):\left(\frac{9-x}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\right)\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}:\left(\frac{9-x}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right)\)

\(=\frac{-3}{\sqrt{x}+3}:\left(\frac{9-x}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}+\frac{x-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\frac{x-4}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right)\)

\(=\frac{-3}{\sqrt{x}+3}:\frac{9-x+x-9-x+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(=\frac{-3}{\sqrt{x}+3}:\frac{-x+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(=\frac{-3}{\sqrt{x}+3}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{4-x}\)

\(=\frac{3\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)}\)

\(=\frac{3}{\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)}\)

Đế A<1 \(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{2+\sqrt{x}}< 1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{2+\sqrt{x}}-1< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3-2-\sqrt{x}}{2+\sqrt{x}}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1-\sqrt{x}}{2+\sqrt{x}}< 0\)

Vì \(2+\sqrt{x}>0\forall x\in R\)

\(\Rightarrow1-\sqrt{x}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}>1\Leftrightarrow x>1\)

Kết hợp ĐKXĐ \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>1\\x\ne4\\x\ne9\end{cases}}\)

\(a,\)\(đkxđ\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne9;x\ne25\end{cases}}\)

\(P=\frac{8\sqrt{x}-x-31}{x-8\sqrt{x}+15}\)\(-\frac{\sqrt{x}+15}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\frac{3\sqrt{x}-1}{5-\sqrt{x}}\)

\(=\frac{8\sqrt{x}-x-31}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)\(-\frac{\sqrt{x}+15}{\sqrt{x}-3}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}-5}\)

\(=\frac{8\sqrt{x}-x-31}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}-\)\(\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+15\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)\(+\frac{\left(3\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)

\(=\frac{8\sqrt{x}-x-31-x-10\sqrt{x}+75+3x-10\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x-12\sqrt{x}+47}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\)Sai đề không cậu ưi 

a, đk: \(x\ge0,x\ne9,x\ne4\)

\(Q=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-4-x+3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+3-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{x}}{-\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)}=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)

b,\(Q< -1=>\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-3}+1< 0< =>\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-3}< 0\)

\(< =>\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-4}{\sqrt{x}-3}< 0\)

\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-4>0\\\sqrt{x}-3< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-4< 0\\\sqrt{x}-3>0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>16\\x< 9\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 16\\x>9\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)\(< =>9< x< 16\)

c, \(=>2Q=\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{x}-3}=1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\in Z\)

\(< =>\sqrt{x}-3\inƯ\left(1\right)=\left\{\pm1\right\}\)\(=>x\in\left\{16;4\right\}\)(loại 4)

=>x=16

a) \(Q=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-2}-3\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}\) 

Ta có \(x-5\sqrt{x}+6=\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\)

ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\\sqrt{x}-3>0\\\sqrt{x}-2>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x>9\\x>2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x>9\)

\(Q=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-3\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x-4\right)-\left(x-2\sqrt{x}-3\right)-\left(3\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3-\sqrt{x}}\)

b) \(Q< -1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3-\sqrt{x}}< -1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3-\sqrt{x}}+1< 0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4-\sqrt{x}}{3-\sqrt{x}}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4-\sqrt{x}>0\\3-\sqrt{x}< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4-\sqrt{x}< 0\\3-\sqrt{x}>0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 16\\x>9\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>16\\x< 9\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow9< x< 16\)

Vậy để \(Q< -1\) thì \(S=\left\{x/9< x< 16\right\}\)

c) \(2Q\in Z\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{3-\sqrt{x}}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow3-\sqrt{x}\inƯ\left(2\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3-\sqrt{x}=2\\3-\sqrt{x}=-2\\3-\sqrt{x}=1\\3-\sqrt{x}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=25\\x=4\\x=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

Kết hợp với ĐKXĐ,ta có để \(2Q\in Z\) thì \(x\in\left\{16;25\right\}\)

a) ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x\notin\left\{9;4\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(Q=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-3}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-4-x+2\sqrt{x}+2-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)

c) Để 2Q là số nguyên thì \(-2⋮\sqrt{x}-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-3\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{4;2;5;1\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{16;25;1\right\}\)