I. Complete the sentences with the past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Officials said the blaze_________ (damage) five houses in the area.
2. Before Hurricane Sandy struck the US Northeast, it_________ (kill) 72 people in the Caribbean.
3. US Weather Service_________ (not issue) any warning by the time the tornado moved to a City
nearby.
4. As of Monday night, more 10,149 people_________ (leave) their homes across the province.
5. We _________ (not experience) any natural disasters before we were trapped in an avalanche last
month.
6. What_________ (the government/ do) by the time the mudslide occurred?
7. El Nino weather_________ (hit) Mekong Delta as the worst drought in 90 years, report said.
8. Many local people said that they_________ (never/ see) such a fierce storm in their life.
9. Those evacuees_________ (not return) home by late December.
10. _________ (people/ evacuate) the area when the hurricane hit?

1. Officials said the blaze_________ (damage) five houses in the area.
2. Before Hurricane Sandy struck the US Northeast, it_________ (kill) 72 people in the Caribbean.
3. US Weather Service_________ (not issue) any warning by the time the tornado moved to a City
nearby.
4. As of Monday night, more 10,149 people_________ (leave) their homes across the province.
5. We _________ (not experience) any natural disasters before we were trapped in an avalanche last
month.
6. What_________ (the government/ do) by the time the mudslide occurred?
7. El Nino weather_________ (hit) Mekong Delta as the worst drought in 90 years, report said.
8. Many local people said that they_________ (never/ see) such a fierce storm in their life.
9. Those evacuees_________ (not return) home by late December.
10. _________ (people/ evacuate) the area when the hurricane hit?

I. Complete the sentences with the passive form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Tsunamis_________ (typically/ cause) by large, undersea earthquakes.

2. Nearly a quarter of all homes in the Keys_________ (destroy) by Hurricane Irma in 2017.

3. Over the past two years, 500,000 damaged homes_________ (rebuild) with support from the government and donors.

4. An earthquake warning System_________ (install) on the West Coast next month.

5. An average of 10 people in Florida_________ (kill) by lightning strikes annually.

6. Indonesia_________ (strikI. Complete the sentences with the passive form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Tsunamis_________ (typically/ cause) by large, undersea earthquakes.

2. Nearly a quarter of all homes in the Keys_________ (destroy) by Hurricane Irma in 2017.

3. Over the past two years, 500,000 damaged homes_________ (rebuild) with support from the government and donors.

4. An earthquake warning System_________ (install) on the West Coast next month.

5. An average of 10 people in Florida_________ (kill) by lightning strikes annually.e) by a tsunami a few days ago.

7. An estimated 10,000 people_________ (already/ evacuate) due to the wildfires since Wednesday.

8. Scientists predict the South coast_________ (hit) by a large hurricane in two days.

9. After the storm, some major roads are closing because they_________ (repair).

10. The name Heather_________ (use) for three tropical cyclones up to now.

II. Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

1. A magnitude 7.1 earthquake shook Southern California on Friday.

___________________________________________________________________

2. They will provide temporary housing to earthquake victims as soon as possible.

___________________________________________________________________

3. Rescue teams have saved hundreds of people from floods in Metro Manila.

___________________________________________________________________

4. An average of 20 typhoons hit the country every year.

___________________________________________________________________

5. A massive landslide buried dozens of homes near a Central Philippine mountain.

___________________________________________________________________

6. They are repairing roads and bridges damaged by the hurricane.

___________________________________________________________________

7. Across the northwest Florida coast, people were clearing storm debris.

___________________________________________________________________

8. Authorities have lifted a tsunami warning after a strong earthquake.

___________________________________________________________________

9. Submarine volcanic eruptions can cause tsunamis.

___________________________________________________________________

10. Will the government send troops to flooded regions?

___________________________________________________________________

I. Complete the sentences with the passive form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Tsunamis_________ (typically/ cause) by large, undersea earthquakes.

2. Nearly a quarter of all homes in the Keys_________ (destroy) by Hurricane Irma in 2017.

3. Over the past two years, 500,000 damaged homes_________ (rebuild) with support from the government and donors.

4. An earthquake warning System_________ (install) on the West Coast next month.

5. An average of 10 people in Florida_________ (kill) by lightning strikes annually.

6. Indonesia_________ (strikI. Complete the sentences with the passive form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Tsunamis_________ (typically/ cause) by large, undersea earthquakes.

2. Nearly a quarter of all homes in the Keys_________ (destroy) by Hurricane Irma in 2017.

3. Over the past two years, 500,000 damaged homes_________ (rebuild) with support from the government and donors.

4. An earthquake warning System_________ (install) on the West Coast next month.

5. An average of 10 people in Florida_________ (kill) by lightning strikes annually.e) by a tsunami a few days ago.

7. An estimated 10,000 people_________ (already/ evacuate) due to the wildfires since Wednesday.

8. Scientists predict the South coast_________ (hit) by a large hurricane in two days.

9. After the storm, some major roads are closing because they_________ (repair).

10. The name Heather_________ (use) for three tropical cyclones up to now.

II. Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

1. A magnitude 7.1 earthquake shook Southern California on Friday.

___________________________________________________________________

2. They will provide temporary housing to earthquake victims as soon as possible.

___________________________________________________________________

3. Rescue teams have saved hundreds of people from floods in Metro Manila.

___________________________________________________________________

4. An average of 20 typhoons hit the country every year.

___________________________________________________________________

5. A massive landslide buried dozens of homes near a Central Philippine mountain.

___________________________________________________________________

6. They are repairing roads and bridges damaged by the hurricane.

___________________________________________________________________

7. Across the northwest Florida coast, people were clearing storm debris.

___________________________________________________________________

8. Authorities have lifted a tsunami warning after a strong earthquake.

___________________________________________________________________

9. Submarine volcanic eruptions can cause tsunamis.

___________________________________________________________________

10. Will the government send troops to flooded regions?

___________________________________________________________________

Complete the sentences. Use the past simple or the past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.

1 My uncle and aunt _________ (already/get engaged) before they _________(emigrate) to Australia.

2 I _________(not/can) buy anything because I _________(forget) my wallet.

3 Robert _________(be) upset because he _________ (split up) with his girlfriend.

4 Kelly _________(start) her first business before she_________(leave) university.

5 As soon as Sara _________(inherit) the money from her grandmother, she _________(buy) a car.

6 By the time Joe _________(retire), he_________(become) a grandfather.

7 After Fred _________ (settle down) in London, he _________(decide) to have a change of career.

8 We _________ (spend) the weekend moving house, so we _________ (go) to bed very early on Sunday.

I) Complete the sentences. Use the past perfect or past perfect continuous form of the verbs in brackets.

1. The bus got stuck in traffic, so, by the time we got to the cinema, we ___________ (miss) the start of the film.

2. Clara ___________ (perform) in small-town theatres for years before she got her first role in a Hollywood film.

3. Audiences were amazed when they first saw the film Citizen Kane. They ___________ (not see) anything like it before. 

4. The flight was so long I ___________ (watch) five films from beginning to end by the time we landed. 

5. My little brother started crying in the cinema because he thought I ___________ (eat) all of his ice cream. 

6. It wasn’t until we left the cinema that I noticed my sister’s eyes were red. She ___________ (cry) all the way through the film. 

Complete the sentences with the past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Officials said the blaze__________________ (damage) five houses in the area.
2. Before Hurricane Sandy struck the US Northeast, it_________ (kill) 72 people in the
Caribbean.
3. US Weather Service_________ (not issue) any warning by the time the tornado moved to
a City nearby.
4. As of Monday night, more 10,149 people_________ (leave) their homes across the
province.
5. We _________ (not experience) any natural disasters before we were trapped in an
avalanche last month.
6. What_________ (the government/ do) by the time the mudslide occurred?
7. El Nino weather_________ (hit) Mekong Delta as the worst drought in 90 years, report said.
8. Many local people said that they_________ (never/ see) such a fierce storm in their life.
9. Those evacuees_________ (not return) home by late December.
10. _________ (people/ evacuate) the area when the hurricane hit?
IX. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or past perfect.
1. By the time the firefighters_________ (arrive), the fire_________ (already destroy)
over 50 hectares of pine forests.
2. Two people_________ (report) that flames_________ (trap) them inside a smoke-filled
apartment.
3. It_________ (rain) all morning before the tornado_________ (touch) down.
4. They_________ (not know) where to shelter from the storm because nobody_________
(tell) them.
5. _________ (you/ already leave) the office when the fire_________ (start)?
6. The post_________ (not arrive) when I_________ (leave) home this morning.
7. It_________ (be) cloudy for days before it_________ (start) to rain heavily
and_________ (flood) the whole City.
8. When I_________ (get) to the check-in desk, I realized I_________ (leave) my ticket at
home.

9. After Tom and his neighbours_________ (put out) the fire, the fire engines_________
(arrive) at the cottage.
10. She_________ (recognize) the warning signs that she_________ (learn) in a school
lesson on tsunami two days before.
11. By the time the rescuers_________ (arrive), they_________ (run) out of food and water.
12. The rescue team_________ (find) the child after they_________ (search) for ten hours

Complete the sentences with the passive form of the verbs in brackets. 

1. Tsunamis_________ ( cause) by large, undersea earthquakes.  

2. Nearly a quarter of all homes in the Keys _________ (destroy) by Hurricane Irma in 2017. 

3. Over the past two years, 500,000 damaged homes _________ (rebuild) with support from  the government and donors.  

4. An earthquake warning system _________ (install) on the West Coast next month. 

5. An average of 10 people in Florida _________ (kill) by lightning strikes annually. 

6. Indonesia _________ (strike) by a tsunami a few days ago.  

7. An estimated 10,000 people _________ (already/ evacuate) due to the wildfires since  Wednesday.  

8. Scientists predict the South coast _________ (hit) by a large hurricane in two days. 

9. After the storm, some major roads are closing because they _________ (repair). 

10. The name Heather _________ (use) for three tropical cyclones up to now.

7.   By the time the bus (come)__________ this morning. Duong (wait)___________ for it for half an hour.