1. Mr. Dean had a long list of misconducts. He had recently been fired.
____________________________________________________________________________
2. The victims are being identified by the US authorities. Most of them were adults.
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Naxos is my favorite island. I‟ve visited it several times recently.
____________________________________________________________________________
4. The football player doesn‟t want to talk about his future. His contract finishes at the end of the season.
____________________________________________________________________________
5. Between 2000 and 2005 she wrote three novels. None of them were published.
____________________________________________________________________________
6. The village of Baydon has now become part of the town. I lived there as a child.
____________________________________________________________________________
7. The new boss seems to be a very capable woman. I met her yesterday.
____________________________________________________________________________
8. December is a summer month for the southern hemisphere. Christmas is celebrated then.
____________________________________________________________________________
9. Graceland Mansion was opened to the public as a museum on June 7,1982. It was once owned by Elvis
Presley.
____________________________________________________________________________
10. An Austrian naturalist discovered this particular orchid. I worked closely with him in the Eighties.
____________________________________________________________________________
 

1. Mr. Dean had a long list of misconducts. He had recently been fired.
____________________________________________________________________________
2. The victims are being identified by the US authorities. Most of them were adults.
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Naxos is my favorite island. I‟ve visited it several times recently.
____________________________________________________________________________
4. The football player doesn‟t want to talk about his future. His contract finishes at the end of the season.
____________________________________________________________________________
5. Between 2000 and 2005 she wrote three novels. None of them were published.
____________________________________________________________________________
6. The village of Baydon has now become part of the town. I lived there as a child.
____________________________________________________________________________
7. The new boss seems to be a very capable woman. I met her yesterday.
____________________________________________________________________________
8. December is a summer month for the southern hemisphere. Christmas is celebrated then.
____________________________________________________________________________
9. Graceland Mansion was opened to the public as a museum on June 7,1982. It was once owned by Elvis
Presley.
____________________________________________________________________________
10. An Austrian naturalist discovered this particular orchid. I worked closely with him in the Eighties.
__________________________________________________________________________

* Make a non-defining relative clause from the two sentences.
01. And then Mary walked in. We had been talking about her earlier.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
02. I met Julie in the Italian restaurant. She was working as a waitress there.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
03. Catherine ruled Russia for over 30 years. She made many important changes.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
04. Starbucks wants to open new stores in China. It does business all over the world.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
05. The woman next door is moving next month. I met her for the first time last week.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
06. The last time I went to Scotland was in May. The weather was very beautiful then.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
07. Jane has decided to go and teach abroad. It will be an interesting experience for her.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
08. My two cousins are coming to visit next week. I have seen neither of them for ten years.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
09. Our professor of psychology has written some very interesting books. I always attend her lectures.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. The Games International Company has just gone bankrupt. We have done business with them for many years.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Make a defining relative clause from the two sentences.

51. That’s the hotel. We stayed there for our honeymoon.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

52. I couldn’t find the man. I’d taken his case by mistake.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

53. I’ll call the students. I went to London with them last summer.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

54. The tree only grows in the rainforest. This drug is obtained from it.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

55. Jeanny phoned me yesterday. I was in conference with my clients then.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

56. You can buy the pasta from that Italian shop. It has just opened in the high street.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

57. His refusal to tell her the truth is the reason. That’s why she is so angry with him.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

58. We haven’t seen the friends for ten years. They are coming to visit us this weekend.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

59. People often have very little money to spend on leisure. They have a lot of leisure time.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

60. Social media networks are an excellent tool. You can use them to promote your business.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Make a non - defining relative clause from the two sentences:
1. Catherine ruled Russia for over 30 years. She made many important changes.
-> 
2. The woman next door is moving next month. I met her for the first time last week.
-> 
3. Starbucks wants to open new stores in China. It does business all over the world. 
-> 
4. I met Julie in the Italian restaurant. She was working as a waitress there.
-> 
5. The Games International Company has just gone bankrupt. We have done business with them for many years.
-> 
6. Our professor of psychology has written some very interesting books. I always attend her lectures.
-> 
7. Jane has decided to go and teach abroad. It will be an interesting experience for her.
-> 
8. My two cousins are coming to visit next week. I have seen neither off them for ten years.
-> 
9. And then Mary walked in. We had been talking about her eariler.
-> 
10. The last time I went to Scotland was in May. The weather was very beatiful then.
->

* Combine two sentences into one. Use the sentence in brackets to make a non-defining relative clause.
1. The National Library opens every weekday. (The library is on the second floor).
The National Library, which is on the second floor, opens every weekday.
2. Developed countries are helping developing countries. (They are ahead in education and wealth.)
Developed countries, which are ahead in education and wealth, are helping developing countries.
3. Internationalisation has brought about both opportunities and challenges. (It started 15 years ago.)
Internationalsation, which started 15 years ago, has brought about both opportunities and challenges.
4. Smartphones will be used widely in school to support learning. (They help students to write scripts and make videos.)
Smartphones, which help students to write scripts and make videos, will be used widely in school to support learning.
5. Jack London wrote internationally famous novels like Call of the Wild and White Fang. (He is an American writer.)
Jack London, who is an American writer, wrote internationally famous novels like Call of the Wild and White Fang.
6. Have you ever heard about Captain James Cook? (He mapped a lot of places in the world, including Australia and New Zealand).
Have you ever heard about Captain James Cook, who mapped a lot of places in the world, including Australia and New Zealand?

VII. Use a relative pronoun to combine two sentences into one sentence with a defining or non-defining relative clause.

1.    Those girls have passed the entrance examination. They will enter university.

- The girls    ______________________________________________________

2.    Some women get a    university degree. They can get a    well-paid job.

- Some women ____________________________________________________

3.    Have you heard about For a Brighter Future? It supports women in their fight for employment equality.

- Have you_______________________________________________________?

4. Some fathers only do a part-time job. They can stay at home more often and have a closer relationship with their children.

- Some fathers____________________________________________________

5. Viet Nam used to be male-dominated. It now has a large population of employed women.

_________________________________________________________________

 Rewrite the pairs of sentences as one sentence using a defining or non-defining relative clause. 

1 I work for a man. The man’s farm covers thousands of acres.

I work ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. The spacecraft is called Vostok 3KA. It took Yuri Gagarin into space.

The spacecraft ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. She likes her father’s career. Her father pursued this career all his life.

She likes …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. He admires the teacher. That teacher initiated building the school library.

He admires ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. My grandfather used to be an astronaut. He has been retired for ten years now.

My grandfather……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Students will have to make their own learning decisions. This will be hard for many of them.
Students …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………