x thuộc 2019 ; 2020

y=2021

Do \(x-2019\) và \(x-2020\) là 2 số nguyên liên tiếp nên luôn khác tính chẵn lẻ

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}\) luôn lẻ với mọi x

Nếu \(y< 2021\Rightarrow\) vế trái nguyên còn vế phải không nguyên (không thỏa mãn)

\(\Rightarrow y\ge2021\)

Nếu \(y>2021\), do 2020 chẵn \(\Rightarrow2020^{y-2021}\) chẵn. Vế trái luôn lẻ, vế phải luôn chẵn \(\Rightarrow\) không tồn tại x; y nguyên thỏa mãn

\(\Rightarrow y=2021\)

Khi đó pt trở thành: \(\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}=1\)

Nhận thấy \(x=2019\) và \(x=2020\) là 2 nghiệm của pt đã cho

- Với \(x< 2019\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}>0\\\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}>1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}>1\) pt vô nghiệm

- Với \(x>2020\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}>0\\\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}>1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}>1\) pt vô nghiệm

- Với \(2019< x< 2020\) viết lại pt: \(\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(2020-x\right)^{2020}=1\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0< x-2019< 1\\0< 2020-x< 1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}< x-2019\\\left(2020-x\right)^{2020}< 2020-x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(2020-x\right)^{2020}< 1\) pt vô nghiệm

Vậy pt có đúng 2 cặp nghiệm: \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2019;2021\right);\left(2020;2021\right)\)

a)\(M=\frac{2019\times2020-2}{2018+2018\times2020}=\frac{2019\times2020-2}{2018+2018\times2020+2020-2020}=\frac{2019\times2020-2}{\left(2018+1\right)\times2020+2018-2020}=\frac{2019\times2020-2}{2019\times2020-2}=1\\ N=\frac{-2019\times20202020}{20192019\times2020}=\frac{-2019\times10001\times2020}{2019\times10001\times2020}=-1\)

b)\(5\left|x-1\right|=3M-2N=5\\ \left|x-1\right|=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=1\Rightarrow x=2\\x-1=-1\Rightarrow x=0\end{cases}}\)

ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020-y^2\ge0\\2020-z^2\ge0\\2020-x^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có:

\(x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+z\sqrt{2020-x^2}=3030\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+2y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+2z\sqrt{2020-x^2}=6060\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2020-y^2-2x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+x^2+2020-z^2-2y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+y^2+2020-x^2-2z\sqrt{2020-x^2}+z^2=0\)

   \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2020-y^2}-x\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2020-z^2}-y\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2020-x^2}-z\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2020-y^2}-x\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2020-z^2}-y\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2020-x^2}-z\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2020-y^2}=x\\\sqrt{2020-z^2}=y\\\sqrt{2020-x^2}=z\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020-y^2=x^2\\2020-z^2=y^2\\2020-x^2=z^2\end{matrix}\right.\)(vì \(x,y,z>0\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020=x^2+y^2\\2020=y^2+z^2\\2020=z^2+x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=3.2020\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=3.1010=3030\)

\(\Rightarrow A=x^2+y^2+z^2=3030\)

Vậy \(A=3030\)

\(F\left(x\right)=\int\left(e^x.ln\left(ax\right)+\dfrac{e^x}{x}\right)dx=\int e^xln\left(ax\right)dx+\int\dfrac{e^x}{x}dx=\int e^xlnxdx+\int\dfrac{e^x}{x}dx+\int e^x.lna.dx\)

Xét \(I=\int e^xlnxdx\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=lnx\\dv=e^xdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{dx}{x}\\v=e^x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=lnx.e^x-\int\dfrac{e^x}{x}dx\)

\(\Rightarrow F\left(x\right)=e^x.lnx+e^x.lna+C\)

\(F\left(\dfrac{1}{a}\right)=e^{\dfrac{1}{a}}ln\left(\dfrac{1}{a}\right)+e^{\dfrac{1}{a}}.lna+C=0\Rightarrow C=0\)

\(F\left(2020\right)=e^{2020}ln\left(2020\right)+e^{2020}.lna=e^{2020}\)

\(\Rightarrow ln\left(2020a\right)=1\Rightarrow a=\dfrac{e}{2020}\)

/\(2020\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}\right)ápdụngBDT\)

\(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+z^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{9}{2\cdot2020}\)

\(ápdụngBĐTcosi\)

\(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3xyz\)

\(\)=> VP\(\ge\) 9/2

Áp dụng BĐT Bunyakovsky ta được:

\(\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{2020}{x}+\frac{1}{2020y}\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{x}\cdot\sqrt{\frac{2020}{x}}+\sqrt{y}\cdot\sqrt{\frac{1}{2020y}}\right)\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{2020}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{2020}}\right)^2=2020+\frac{1}{2020}+2=2022\frac{1}{2020}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2021}{2020}\cdot S\ge2022\frac{1}{2020}\)

\(\Rightarrow S\ge2022\frac{1}{2020}\div\frac{2021}{2020}=2021\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{\frac{2020}{x}}}=\frac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2020y}}}\\x+y=\frac{2021}{2020}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2020y\\x+y=\frac{2021}{2020}\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=\frac{1}{2020}\end{cases}}\)

Vậy Min(S) = 2021 khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=\frac{1}{2020}\end{cases}}\)

Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

\(x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+z\sqrt{2020-x^2}\leq \frac{x^2+(2020-y^2)}{2}+\frac{y^2+(2020-z^2)}{2}+\frac{z^2+(2020-x^2)}{2}=3030\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:

\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x^2=2020-y^2\\ y^2=2020-z^2\\ z^2=2020-x^2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=y=z=\sqrt{1010}\)

Khi đó:

$A=3(\sqrt{1010})^2=3030$

gọi các điểm như trên hình

I là giao 2 đường tiếp tuyến HI và AC=>OI là phân giác góc EOK (1) và IE=IK

C là giao 2 tiếp tuyến AC và BC => OC là phân giác góc KOD (2) và KC=DC

(1) và (2) => tam giác IOC vuông tại O, có đường cao OK =>OK²=IK.KC <=> OK²=IE.DC

CM tương tự ta được OJ² = EH.BD

mà \(\text{OK=OJ=r}\) 

=>\(\text{IE.DC=EH.BD}\)

=>\(\frac{EH}{EI}=\frac{CD}{BD}\)

Ta có : \(\text{HI // BC}\)

=>\(\frac{EI}{MC}=\frac{AI}{AC}=\frac{AH}{AB}=\frac{EH}{BM}\)

=> \(\frac{BM}{MC}=\frac{EH}{EI}\)

=>\(\frac{BM}{CM}=\frac{EH}{EI}=\frac{CD}{BD}\)

=> \(1+\frac{BM}{CM}=1+\frac{CD}{BD}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{BC}{CM}=\frac{BC}{BD}\Rightarrow CM=BD\)

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