Đặt  \(A=x^2-3x\)

\(A=\left(x^2-3x+\frac{9}{4}\right)-\frac{9}{4}\)

\(A=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9}{4}\)

Mà  \(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge-\frac{9}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :  \(x-\frac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)

Vậy  \(A_{Min}=-\frac{9}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)

Đặt  \(B=-x^2-2x\)

\(-B=x^2+2x\)

\(-B=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-1\)

\(-B=\left(x+1\right)^2-1\)

Mà  \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow-B\ge-1\Leftrightarrow B\le1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :  \(x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)

Vậy  \(B_{Max}=1\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)

1/B=\(-\left(x^2+2y^2+2xy-2y\right)\)

     =\(-\left(x^2+2xy+y^2+y^2-2y+1-1\right)\)

     =\(-\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2\right]+1\)<=1

Bmax=1 khi x+y=0 và y-1=0=>x=-1;y=1

2/C=\(x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}+y^2+y+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\)

      =\(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\)>=\(\frac{1}{2}\)

Cmin=\(\frac{1}{2}\)khi \(x+\frac{1}{2}=0\)và \(y+\frac{1}{2}=0\)=>\(x=y=\frac{-1}{2}\)

\(4x-x^2-12=-x^2+4x-4-8=-\left(x-4x+4\right)-8=-\left(x-2\right)^2-8\le8\)

=> GTLN của đa thức là 8

<=> x-2 = 0

<=> x = 2

\(x^2+y^2-x+6y+15\)

\(=x^2-2.x.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+y^2+2.y.3+9+\frac{23}{4}\)

\(=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+\frac{23}{4}\ge\frac{23}{4}\)

=> GTNN của đa thức là 23/4

<=> x-1/2=0 và y+3=0

<=> x=1/2 và y=-3

b: \(x^2-x+1=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\forall x\)

c: \(A=x^2-6x+9+2=\left(x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3

d: \(B=-\left(x^2-4x+5\right)=-\left(x^2-4x+4+1\right)=-\left(x-2\right)^2-1\le-1\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2

b: Ta có: \(x^2-x+5\)

\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{19}{4}\)

\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{19}{4}\ge\dfrac{19}{4}\forall x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2022}{\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{19}{4}}\le\dfrac{8088}{19}\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(B=x-x^2=-\left(x^2-x\right)=-\left(x^2-2.x.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}...\right)\)

nhận xét tương tự thì :B <=1/4

vậy B max = 1/4 

<=>x=1/2

Ta có:

\(x-{x}^{2}=[{-(\frac{1}{2})}^{2}+2\frac{1}{2}x-x^2]+\frac{1}{4}\)

            \(=-[{(\frac{1}{2})}^{2}-2\frac{1}{2}x+x^2]+\frac{1}{4}\)

            \(=-(\frac{1}{2}-x)^2+\frac{1}{4}\) \(=\frac{1}{4}-(\frac{1}{2}-x)^2\)

ta có:\((\frac{1}{2}-x)^2\geq0 \Rightarrow -(\frac{1}{2}-x)^2\leq0\)

        \(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{4}-(\frac{1}{2}-x)^2\leq\frac{1}{4}\)  Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{1}{2}-x=0 \leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2} \)

         Vậy GTLN của biểu thức=\(\frac{1}{4}\) \(\leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2} \)