b) Ta có: xy=-3

nên x,y là các ước của -3

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-3\right);\left(-1;3\right);\left(-3;1\right);\left(3;-1\right)\right\}\)

a: (x-2)(y-3)=5

=>\(\left(x-2\right)\cdot\left(y-3\right)=1\cdot5=5\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-5\right)=\left(-5\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)\)

=>\(\left(x-2;y-3\right)\in\left\{\left(1;5\right);\left(5;1\right);\left(-1;-5\right);\left(-5;-1\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(3;8\right);\left(7;4\right);\left(1;-2\right);\left(-3;2\right)\right\}\)

b: (2x-1)*(y-4)=-11

=>\(\left(2x-1\right)\cdot\left(y-4\right)=1\cdot\left(-11\right)=\left(-11\right)\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot11=11\cdot\left(-1\right)\)

=>\(\left(2x-1;y-4\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-11\right);\left(-11;1\right);\left(-1;11\right);\left(11;-1\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-7\right);\left(-5;5\right);\left(0;15\right);\left(6;3\right)\right\}\)

c: xy-2x+y=3

=>\(x\left(y-2\right)+y-2=1\)

=>\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y-2\right)=1\)

=>\(\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(y-2\right)=1\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)\)

=>\(\left(x+1;y-2\right)\in\left\{\left(1;1\right);\left(-1;-1\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;3\right);\left(-2;1\right)\right\}\)

`A)2/3=x/60`

`=>40/60=x/60`

`=>x=40`

`B)-1/2=y/18`

`=>-9/18=y/18`

`=>y=-9`

`C)3/x=y/35=-36/84`

Mà `-36/84=(-3 xx 12)/(7 xx 12)=-3/7`

`=>3/x=-3/7`

`=>x=-7`

`y/35=-3/7=-15/35`

`=>y=-15`

`D)7/x=y/27=-42/54`

Mà `-42/54=(-7 xx 6)/(9 xx 6)=-7/9`

`=>7/x=-7/9`

`=>x=-9`

`y/27=-7/9=-21/27`

`=>y=-21`

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{x}{60}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2\cdot60}{3}=40\)

Vậy: x=40

a: \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-21\right);\left(-21;1\right);\left(-1;21\right);\left(21;-1\right);\left(3;-7\right);\left(-7;3\right);\left(-3;7\right);\left(7;-3\right)\right\}\)

b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y-3\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-6\right);\left(-6;1\right);\left(2;-3\right);\left(-3;2\right);\left(-2;3\right);\left(3;-2\right);\left(6;-1\right);\left(-1;6\right)\right\}\)

hay \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-3\right);\left(-6;4\right);\left(2;0\right);\left(-3;-1\right);\left(-2;6\right);\left(3;1\right);\left(6;2\right);\left(-1;9\right)\right\}\)

a: x/2=-5/y

=>xy=-10

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-10\right);\left(-10;1\right);\left(-1;10\right);\left(10;-1\right);\left(2;-5\right);\left(-5;2\right);\left(-2;5\right);\left(5;-2\right)\right\}\)

b: =>xy=12

mà x>y>0

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(12;1\right);\left(6;2\right);\left(4;3\right)\right\}\)

c: =>(x-1)(y+1)=3

=>\(\left(x-1;y+1\right)\in\left\{\left(1;3\right);\left(3;1\right);\left(-1;-3\right);\left(-3;-1\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(2;2\right);\left(4;0\right);\left(0;-4\right);\left(-2;-2\right)\right\}\)

d: =>y(x+2)=5

=>\(\left(x+2;y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;5\right);\left(5;1\right);\left(-1;-5\right);\left(-5;-1\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;5\right);\left(3;1\right);\left(-3;-5\right);\left(-7;-1\right)\right\}\)

Ta có:

\(3x=4y\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{4}=\frac{y}{3}\)  và \(y-x=5\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dạy tỉ số bằng nhau:

\(\frac{x}{4}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{y-x}{5-4}=\frac{5}{1}=5\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{4}=5\Rightarrow x=5.4=20\\\frac{y}{5}=5\Rightarrow y=5.5=25\end{cases}}\)

Vậy \(x=20;y=25\)

b)

\(\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{4}=\frac{c}{5}\) và \(a-2b+3c=35\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

\(\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{4}=\frac{c}{5}=\frac{a-2b+3c}{3-2.4+3.5}=\frac{35}{10}=3,5\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{3}=3,5\Rightarrow a=3,5.3=10,5\\\frac{b}{4}=3,5\Rightarrow b=3,5.4=14\\\frac{c}{5}=3,5\Rightarrow c=3,5.5=17,5\end{cases}}\)

Vậy   \(a=10,5;b=14;c=17,5\)

Bài 1: \(3x=4y\Leftrightarrow y=\frac{3x}{4}\)

thay vào \(y-x=5\Leftrightarrow\frac{3x}{4}-x=5\Leftrightarrow\frac{-x}{4}=5\Leftrightarrow x=-20\Leftrightarrow y=\frac{3x}{4}=\frac{3.\left(-20\right)}{4}\)=-15

Bài 2: Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau: \(\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{4}=\frac{c}{5}=\frac{2b}{8}=\frac{3c}{15}=\frac{a-2b+3c}{3-8+15}=\frac{35}{10}=\frac{7}{2}\)

=>\(a=\frac{7}{2}.3=\frac{21}{2};b=\frac{7}{2}.4=14;c=\frac{7}{2}.5=\frac{35}{2}\)

a) 

\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y-2\right)=5\\ \Rightarrow\left(x+1\right),\left(y-2\right)\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)

Ta có bảng:

Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;7\right),\left(-2;-3\right),\left(4;3\right),\left(-6;1\right)\)

b) 

\(\left(x-5\right)\left(y+4\right)=-7\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-5\right),\left(y+4\right)\inƯ\left(-7\right)=\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)

Ta có bảng:

Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(6;-11\right),\left(4;3\right),\left(12;-5\right),\left(-2;-3\right)\)

e) 

\(x-\left(17-8\right)=5+\left(10-3x\right)\\ \Rightarrow x-9=5+10-3x\\ \Rightarrow x+3x=5+10+9\\ \Rightarrow4x=24\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{24}{4}=6\)

Vậy \(x=6\)