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II/ Read the passage and answer the question :
Air pollution is a serious problem in many cities. Motor vehicles, factories and other source create so
much air pollution that it may hang in the air like dirty fog. Air pollution threatens the health of the
people who live in cities. City wastes cause water pollution when they are poured into the waterways.
These wastes kill fish and make some areas unfit for swimming. In addition, many large cities have
difficulties in disposing their garbage. The amount of garbage grows each year, but places to put it are
quickly filling up Citizens, governments, industries, scientists and business people must work
together in different ways to gradually reduce pollution.
True ( T ) or False ( F ) in the space provided
1/ Air pollution is a serious (dangerous) problem in many cities . __________
2/ Air pollution doesn't cause danger to people's health in some cities
3/ Motor vehicles and factories are some of sources of air pollution . ____________
4/ Only factories are the main source of air pollution ._________
5/ Air pollution is the only problem of the environment in this passage .
6/ Some areas are unfit for swimming because of the city wastes .____________
7/ The amount of the garbage in large cities reduces each year ._________
8/ Everyone must cooperate to reduce pollution . ______________

III/ Read the passage and answer the question :
Everyone wants to reduce pollution, but the pollution problem is as complicated as it is serious.
It is complicated because much pollution is caused by things that benefit people. For example,
exhaust from motorbikes causes large percentage of air pollution. But the automobile provides
transportation to millions of people. Factories discharge much of the material that pollutes air
and water, but factories give employment to a large number of people.
Thus, to end or reduce pollution immediately, people would have to stop using many things that
benefit them . Most people do not want to do that, of course. But pollution can be gradually
reduced in many ways. Scientists and engineers can work to find ways to lessen the amount of
pollution that such things as automobiles and factories cause. Governments can pass and enforce
laws that require businesses and individuals to stop or to cut down on certain polluting activities.
True ( T ) or False ( F ) :
1. All people want to reduce pollution_____
2. Pollution problem is neither complicated nor serious_____
3. Pollution is brought about by things that benefit people_____

4. People have to sacrifice what they have to stop or reduce pollution_____
5. The government can't do anything to stop or reduce pollution.______
IV/ Read the passage and answer the questions:
Every day on radio, on TV and in the newspapers, we hear , see, read about many problems in
the world , for example , pollution problems.
Air pollution is the first kind. It mostly comes from fumes released from motorbikes, cars,
airplanes, trains and poisonous gases emitted from factories. Also, waste is dumped anywhere even
in the city where many people are living. The second pollution is sea pollution. Many people earn
their living from fishing the sea, and the fish they catch feed many people. But the sea has become so
polluted from oil spills and factory wastes that the fish are dying. This pollution is not only killing the
fish, but also affecting those people who eat fish.
Seldom do you find a place nowadays that is not polluted. This problem is growing more
difficult every day. We must find a good solution that makes the world a better place to live.
True — False — Not given?
1. Pollution is one of the city's problems_____
2. Exhaust fume comes from vehicles , airplane and factories_____
3. People pollute seas from dynamite fishing____
4. You can find easily a place nowadays that is not polluted_____

I. Read and answer the questions

Air pollution

We are nowadays becoming more aware of pollution matters that affect dramatically our lives; especially there is growing concern about air pollution. There are some reasons that lead to this kind of pollution. Firstly, the development of industrial zones, factories and building construction areas is producing a large amount of dust and poisonous air. Especially in the developing countries, people rarely pay their attention to the air treatment process that make the air pollution condition even worse. Secondly, because of the increasing unrbanization, it can be easily seen that there is always a lot of traffic in rush hour and dust one the road these days. The smoke from vehicles and manufacturing exhaust increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the air which makes us feel really hard to breathe. The consequences are very bed. Smog and dust can do serious harm to our health and especially our lungs. We have thousands of asthma and adult respiration distress cases each year which raise concern about the air quality. Moreover, acid rains are becomning more and more popular which damage crops and fields. Many people believe that air pollution is also causing global warming and it is difficult to improve the air without the efforts of all countries around the world.

1. According to the passage, where does a large amount of dust and poisonous air come from?

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2. Do developing countries take the air treatment process into carful consideration?

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3. Why is it difficult for us to breathe when traveling on the roads or streets?

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4. What does the word “urbanization” mean?

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5. Which particular part of our body is seriously affected by smog and dust?

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6. Is it written in the passage that there are milions of cases related to breathing anually?

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7. What is the hramful effect of acid rains?

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8. According to the passage, if all countries in the world ignore the air pollution condition, will it easy to make the air fresher?

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Read the following passage and answer the questions.

Every day on radio, on TV, and in the newspaper, we hear, see or read about many problems in the world, for example, pollution problems.

Air pollution is the first kind. It mostly comes from fumes released from motorbikes, cars, airplanes, trains and posonous gases emitted from factories. Also, waste is dumped anywhere, even in the city where many people are living. The second pollution problem is sea pollution. Many people earn their living from fishing in the sea, and the fish they catch feed many people. But the sea has become so polluted from oil spills and factory wastes that the fish are dying. This pollution is not only killing the fish, but is also affecting those people who eat fish.

Seldom do you find a place nowadays that is not polluted. This problem is growing more difficult every day. We must find a good solution that makes the world a better place to live.

1. How often can we hear, see and read about problems in the world?

➝

2. What causes the air pollution?

➝

3. Why has the sea become polluted?

➝

4. Can we easily find a clean place nowadays?

➝

5. What should we do to make the world a better place to live?

➝

Read the following passage and decide if it is T or F.

Energy is fundament to human beings. Many poor people in developing countries do not have modern sources of energy like electricity or natural gas, with which their life can be improved.

   People who live in mountainous areas have to gather wood for fuel. This takes a lot of time. For many people living in rural areas, biogas is the largest energy resource available. The main use of biogas is for cooking and heating, but it can also provide energy for public transport. As biogas is smoke-free, it helps the problem of indoor air pollution. Moreover, it is made from plant waste and animal manure. They cost almost nothing.

   The tendency to use renewable energy sources in developing sources in developing countries is on the increase as non-renewable ones are running out. In the future, the wind and the sun will be uses as the most important environmentally friendly energy sources.

___ Many poor people in developing countries do not have electricity

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 25 to 29. Fill in the appropriate word in question 29

In recent years there have been many articles on air pollution in newspapers and magazines. Scientists all over the world have warned that our atmosphere is (25) ______ more and more contaminated, and that Man, through his carelessness, may run out of pure air to breathe.

Automobiles and industries mainly account (26) _______ air pollution in most cities.  They pour into the air such gases as carbon monoxide, sulfur and nitrogen oxides, (27) _____ are very harmful to humans. (28) ____ still, these gases, a series of chemical changes, turn into toxic acids. They fall down in “acid rains”, raising the acidity in the air, soil and water to dangerous levels and affecting not only tress but also fish and other wildlife. Many industrial countries in Europe and North America have suffered bad effects (29) ______ those “rains”.

Surely, Man faces no more urgent problem than that of saving his own survival. Scientists, social organizations and governments shout sit down together to solve the air pollution problem.

A. with

B. from 

C. about

D. for

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 25 to 29. Fill in the appropriate word in question 28

In recent years there have been many articles on air pollution in newspapers and magazines. Scientists all over the world have warned that our atmosphere is (25) ______ more and more contaminated, and that Man, through his carelessness, may run out of pure air to breathe.

Automobiles and industries mainly account (26) _______ air pollution in most cities.  They pour into the air such gases as carbon monoxide, sulfur and nitrogen oxides, (27) _____ are very harmful to humans. (28) ____ still, these gases, a series of chemical changes, turn into toxic acids. They fall down in “acid rains”, raising the acidity in the air, soil and water to dangerous levels and affecting not only tress but also fish and other wildlife. Many industrial countries in Europe and North America have suffered bad effects (29) ______ those “rains”.

Surely, Man faces no more urgent problem than that of saving his own survival. Scientists, social organizations and governments shout sit down together to solve the air pollution problem.

A. Badly

B. Worst

C. Worse

D. Most

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 25 to 29. Fill in the appropriate word in question 25

In recent years there have been many articles on air pollution in newspapers and magazines. Scientists all over the world have warned that our atmosphere is (25) ______ more and more contaminated, and that Man, through his carelessness, may run out of pure air to breathe.

Automobiles and industries mainly account (26) _______ air pollution in most cities.  They pour into the air such gases as carbon monoxide, sulfur and nitrogen oxides, (27) _____ are very harmful to humans. (28) ____ still, these gases, a series of chemical changes, turn into toxic acids. They fall down in “acid rains”, raising the acidity in the air, soil and water to dangerous levels and affecting not only tress but also fish and other wildlife. Many industrial countries in Europe and North America have suffered bad effects (29) ______ those “rains”.

Surely, Man faces no more urgent problem than that of saving his own survival. Scientists, social organizations and governments shout sit down together to solve the air pollution problem.

A. got 

B. become

C. becoming 

D. changing