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SOLAR ENERGY

Sunlight carries huge amounts of energy. You can feel the Sun’s energy when sunlight warms your skin on a summer day. To capture the Sun’s energy, scientists have developed solar cells, called photovoltaic cells. These cells convert sunlight into electricity.

When sunlight hits a solar cell, some of the light energy is absorbed. This light energy causes the particles in the solar cell to move faster, and the movement of these particles creates electricity.

In some places, large panels of solar cells harvest sunshine to make electricity for homes and businesses. Solar cells have been placed on cars and appliances, too. Since the Sun sends abundant free energy streaming toward Earth 24 hours a day, people in many parts of the world, not just the sunniest places, have fixed solar cells and solar panels on the roofs of their houses or businesses to lower their energy costs.

Experts say that the huge installation of solar panels in sunny regions could generate enough electricity to supply an entire country. Capturing this energy can help overcome our diminishing energy supply. New ways to capture this energy are being developed all the time to maximize efficiency.

1. What is the source of solar energy?

  a. sunlight                            b. photovoltaic cells c. solar panels                       d. electricity

 2.  Solar cells are used

a. to collect energy from the sun b. to provide sunlight to houses

c. to convert sunlight into electricity              d. both a and c are correct 

3. Which of the following statements is true?

a. Solar cells absorb all of the light energy from the sun.

b. The light energy causes the particles to move faster to make electricity.

c. Solar energy can be used to power homes and businesses only.

d. Large solar panels have been placed on cars and appliances.

4. As used in line 9, ‘abundant’ most nearly means .

     a. unlimited                b. dangerous              c. plentiful              d. clean

5. Where have people fixed solar panels?

a. In the sunniest places b. Anywhere outside their houses

c. Inside their houses d. On the roofs of their houses

6. As used in line 14, ‘diminishing’ most nearly means .

    a. decreasing b. increasing c. unending d. restoring

7. According to the passage, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT

a. the Sun produces a large amount of energy.

b. solar energy could provide enough electricity for the whole world

c. scientists are constantly developing new ways to capture the Sun’s energy

d. people use solar energy to reduce their energy costs.

PART III. READING       

I. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.

SOLAR ENERGY

Sunlight carries huge amounts of energy. You can feel the Sun’s energy when sunlight warms your skin on a summer day. To capture the Sun’s energy, scientists have developed solar cells, called photovoltaic cells. These cells convert sunlight into electricity businesses. Solar cells have been placed on cars and appliances, too. Since the Sun sends abundant free energy streaming toward Earth 24 hours a day, people in many parts of the world, not just the sunniest places, have fixed solar cells and solar panels on the roofs of their houses or businesses to lower their energy costs.

Experts say that the huge installation of solar panels in sunny regions could generate enough electricity to supply an entire country. Capturing this energy can help overcome our diminishing energy supply. New ways to capture this energy are being developed an the time to maximize efficiency.

1. What is the source of solar energy?

A. sunlight                            B. photovoltaic cell           C. solar panels                D. electricity

2.  Solar cells are use

A. to collect energy from the sun                           B. to provide sunlight to houses

C. to convert sunlight into electricity                   D. both a and c are correct

3. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Solar cells absorb all of the light energy from the sun.

B. The light energy causes the particles to move faster to make electricity.

C. Solar energy can be used to power homes and businesses only.

D. Large solar panels have been placed on cars and appliances.

4. As used in line 9, ‘abundant’ most nearly means. 

A. unlimited                         B. dangerous                            C. plentiful                     D. clean

5. Where have people fixed solar panels?

A. In the sunniest places                                         B. Anywhere outside their houses

C. Inside their houses                                              D. On the roofs of their

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

                                             SOLAR ENERGY

Sunlight carries huge amounts of energy. You can feel the Sun’s energy when sunlight warms your skin on a summer day. To capture the Sun’s energy, scientists have developed solar cells, called photovoltaic cells. These cells convert sunlight into electricity.

When sunlight hits a solar cell, some of the light energy is absorbed. This light energy causes the particles in the solar cell to move faster, and the movement of these particles creates electricity.

In some places, large panels of solar cells harvest sunshine to make electricity for homes and businesses. Solar cells have been placed on cars and appliances, too. Since the Sun sends abundant free energy streaming toward Earth 24 hours a day, people in many parts of the world, not just the sunniest places, have fixed solar cells and solar panels on the roofs of their houses or businesses to lower their energy costs.

Experts say that the huge installation of solar panels in sunny regions could generate enough electricity to supply an entire country. Capturing this energy can help overcome our diminishing energy supply. New ways to capture this energy are being developed all the time to maximize efficiency.

1. What is the source of solar energy?

A. sunlight      B. photovoltaic cells       C. solar panels    D. electricity

2. Solar cells are used ______________.

A. to collect energy from the sun                           B. to provide sunlight to houses

C. to convert sunlight into electricity                      D. both A and C are correct

3. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Solar cells absorb all of the light energy from the sun.

B. The light energy causes the particles to move faster to make electricity.

C. Solar energy can be used to power homes and businesses only.

D. Large solar panels have been placed on cars and appliances.

4. Where have people fixed solar panels?

A. On the roofs of their houses     B. Anywhere outside their houses

C. Inside their houses                    D. In the sunniest places

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

        Sunlight is solar energy. Sunlight is needed for growing plants that you eat to get energy. Sunlight is also used to make clean electricity. Burning fossil fuels to make electricity pollutes our atmosphere and rivers. Fossil fuels are expensive and limited sources of energy. Nuclear fission is used to create enormous amount of heat and electricity. However, nuclear fission forms dangerous radioactive waste.

          Sunlight offers many ways to get energy. A window can allow warm sunlight into your room. Solar water-heating systems can use sunlight to warm the water for your home, swimming pool and school. Sunlight also warms the Earth and causes wind. Electricity can be made by wind generators.

Photovoltaic, or PV system use a type of material that converts sunlight into electricity. PV systems can power your air conditioner or a satellite like the International Space Station. PV systems are also used to run a calculator, recharge cell phone, or even power lightweight cars.

          Sunlight is also changed into electricity by concentrating solar power or CSP systems. CSP systems have mirrors that focus the sunlight. The concentrated sunlight turns water into steam which turns a turbine that is connected to an electric generator. A CSP system usually uses sunlight to make steam. CSP power plants can store large amount of heat. The stored heat is used to make electricity at night. During cloud days, many CSP plants can also burn natural gas to provide the heat that is used to turn water into steam.

         Sunlight provides the energy needed to grow plants and make large amount of environmentally friendly heat and electricity. Solar energy can provide power today and for a long time in the future.

To help the readers understand some of the benefits of solar energy, the author ________

A. provides a list of solar energy projects.

B. lists in chronological order the invention of various systems that gather the energy of sunlight

C. describes in detail how a PV system works.

D. briefly compares and contrasts the differences in using fossil fuels, nuclear fission and solar energy in electric power systems

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

        Sunlight is solar energy. Sunlight is needed for growing plants that you eat to get energy. Sunlight is also used to make clean electricity. Burning fossil fuels to make electricity pollutes our atmosphere and rivers. Fossil fuels are expensive and limited sources of energy. Nuclear fission is used to create enormous amount of heat and electricity. However, nuclear fission forms dangerous radioactive waste.

          Sunlight offers many ways to get energy. A window can allow warm sunlight into your room. Solar water-heating systems can use sunlight to warm the water for your home, swimming pool and school. Sunlight also warms the Earth and causes wind. Electricity can be made by wind generators.

Photovoltaic, or PV system use a type of material that converts sunlight into electricity. PV systems can power your air conditioner or a satellite like the International Space Station. PV systems are also used to run a calculator, recharge cell phone, or even power lightweight cars.

          Sunlight is also changed into electricity by concentrating solar power or CSP systems. CSP systems have mirrors that focus the sunlight. The concentrated sunlight turns water into steam which turns a turbine that is connected to an electric generator. A CSP system usually uses sunlight to make steam. CSP power plants can store large amount of heat. The stored heat is used to make electricity at night. During cloud days, many CSP plants can also burn natural gas to provide the heat that is used to turn water into steam.

         Sunlight provides the energy needed to grow plants and make large amount of environmentally friendly heat and electricity. Solar energy can provide power today and for a long time in the future.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Fossil fuel supplies are unlimited.

B. Solar energy is the energy that comes from the sun.

C. PV systems provide electricity for the International Space Station

D. A CSP power plant can produce steam even at night.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

        Sunlight is solar energy. Sunlight is needed for growing plants that you eat to get energy. Sunlight is also used to make clean electricity. Burning fossil fuels to make electricity pollutes our atmosphere and rivers. Fossil fuels are expensive and limited sources of energy. Nuclear fission is used to create enormous amount of heat and electricity. However, nuclear fission forms dangerous radioactive waste.

          Sunlight offers many ways to get energy. A window can allow warm sunlight into your room. Solar water-heating systems can use sunlight to warm the water for your home, swimming pool and school. Sunlight also warms the Earth and causes wind. Electricity can be made by wind generators.

Photovoltaic, or PV system use a type of material that converts sunlight into electricity. PV systems can power your air conditioner or a satellite like the International Space Station. PV systems are also used to run a calculator, recharge cell phone, or even power lightweight cars.

          Sunlight is also changed into electricity by concentrating solar power or CSP systems. CSP systems have mirrors that focus the sunlight. The concentrated sunlight turns water into steam which turns a turbine that is connected to an electric generator. A CSP system usually uses sunlight to make steam. CSP power plants can store large amount of heat. The stored heat is used to make electricity at night. During cloud days, many CSP plants can also burn natural gas to provide the heat that is used to turn water into steam.

         Sunlight provides the energy needed to grow plants and make large amount of environmentally friendly heat and electricity. Solar energy can provide power today and for a long time in the future.

The drawback of nuclear fission is that ________

A. it sends out energy in the form of rays that can be harmful.

B. it is costly.

C. it releases smoke.

D. it is time-consuming to be formed.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

        Sunlight is solar energy. Sunlight is needed for growing plants that you eat to get energy. Sunlight is also used to make clean electricity. Burning fossil fuels to make electricity pollutes our atmosphere and rivers. Fossil fuels are expensive and limited sources of energy. Nuclear fission is used to create enormous amount of heat and electricity. However, nuclear fission forms dangerous radioactive waste.

          Sunlight offers many ways to get energy. A window can allow warm sunlight into your room. Solar water-heating systems can use sunlight to warm the water for your home, swimming pool and school. Sunlight also warms the Earth and causes wind. Electricity can be made by wind generators.

Photovoltaic, or PV system use a type of material that converts sunlight into electricity. PV systems can power your air conditioner or a satellite like the International Space Station. PV systems are also used to run a calculator, recharge cell phone, or even power lightweight cars.

          Sunlight is also changed into electricity by concentrating solar power or CSP systems. CSP systems have mirrors that focus the sunlight. The concentrated sunlight turns water into steam which turns a turbine that is connected to an electric generator. A CSP system usually uses sunlight to make steam. CSP power plants can store large amount of heat. The stored heat is used to make electricity at night. During cloud days, many CSP plants can also burn natural gas to provide the heat that is used to turn water into steam.

         Sunlight provides the energy needed to grow plants and make large amount of environmentally friendly heat and electricity. Solar energy can provide power today and for a long time in the future.

In the third paragraph, the word “convert” is closest in meaning to _______

A. change form one religion to another 

B. transform

C. exchange for something equal in value

D. converse

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

        Sunlight is solar energy. Sunlight is needed for growing plants that you eat to get energy. Sunlight is also used to make clean electricity. Burning fossil fuels to make electricity pollutes our atmosphere and rivers. Fossil fuels are expensive and limited sources of energy. Nuclear fission is used to create enormous amount of heat and electricity. However, nuclear fission forms dangerous radioactive waste.

          Sunlight offers many ways to get energy. A window can allow warm sunlight into your room. Solar water-heating systems can use sunlight to warm the water for your home, swimming pool and school. Sunlight also warms the Earth and causes wind. Electricity can be made by wind generators.

Photovoltaic, or PV system use a type of material that converts sunlight into electricity. PV systems can power your air conditioner or a satellite like the International Space Station. PV systems are also used to run a calculator, recharge cell phone, or even power lightweight cars.

          Sunlight is also changed into electricity by concentrating solar power or CSP systems. CSP systems have mirrors that focus the sunlight. The concentrated sunlight turns water into steam which turns a turbine that is connected to an electric generator. A CSP system usually uses sunlight to make steam. CSP power plants can store large amount of heat. The stored heat is used to make electricity at night. During cloud days, many CSP plants can also burn natural gas to provide the heat that is used to turn water into steam.

         Sunlight provides the energy needed to grow plants and make large amount of environmentally friendly heat and electricity. Solar energy can provide power today and for a long time in the future.

In the fourth paragraph, the word “which” refers to _______

A. water               

B. steam                

C. sunlight            

D. solar power

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

        Sunlight is solar energy. Sunlight is needed for growing plants that you eat to get energy. Sunlight is also used to make clean electricity. Burning fossil fuels to make electricity pollutes our atmosphere and rivers. Fossil fuels are expensive and limited sources of energy. Nuclear fission is used to create enormous amount of heat and electricity. However, nuclear fission forms dangerous radioactive waste.

          Sunlight offers many ways to get energy. A window can allow warm sunlight into your room. Solar water-heating systems can use sunlight to warm the water for your home, swimming pool and school. Sunlight also warms the Earth and causes wind. Electricity can be made by wind generators.

Photovoltaic, or PV system use a type of material that converts sunlight into electricity. PV systems can power your air conditioner or a satellite like the International Space Station. PV systems are also used to run a calculator, recharge cell phone, or even power lightweight cars.

          Sunlight is also changed into electricity by concentrating solar power or CSP systems. CSP systems have mirrors that focus the sunlight. The concentrated sunlight turns water into steam which turns a turbine that is connected to an electric generator. A CSP system usually uses sunlight to make steam. CSP power plants can store large amount of heat. The stored heat is used to make electricity at night. During cloud days, many CSP plants can also burn natural gas to provide the heat that is used to turn water into steam.

         Sunlight provides the energy needed to grow plants and make large amount of environmentally friendly heat and electricity. Solar energy can provide power today and for a long time in the future.

In the first paragraph, the word “fossil fuels” in line 2 means ________ 

A. fuels formed millions of years from the remains of animals and plants

B. nuclear energy 

C. solar powe

D. fuel formed from the energy of the wind