Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có

\(VT:\frac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\frac{b^{2018}\cdot k^{2018}+d^{2018}\cdot k^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\frac{k^{2018}\left(b^{2018}+d^{2018}\right)}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=k^{2018}\)

\(VP:\frac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\frac{\left(bk+dk\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\frac{k^{2018}\cdot\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=k^{2018}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT=VP\)

Hay \(\frac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\frac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Đặt\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow a=bk ;c=dk\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a-b}{a}=\frac{bk-b}{bk}=\frac{b\left(k-1\right)}{bk}=\frac{k-1}{k}\left(1\right)\)

     \(\frac{c-d}{d}=\frac{dk-d}{kd}=\frac{d\left(k-1\right)}{kd}=\frac{k-1}{k}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2)=> \(\frac{a-b}{a}=\frac{c-d}{c}\)

a/b=c/d
=> ad=bc
=>ac-ad=ac-bc
=>a(c-d)=c(a-b)
=> a/(a-b)=c/(c-d)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{a}{b} = \frac{c}{d} = \frac{{a - c}}{{b - d}}\); \(\frac{a}{b} = \frac{c}{d} = \frac{{a + 2c}}{{b + 2d}}\)

Như vậy, \(\frac{{a - c}}{{b - d}} = \frac{{a + 2c}}{{b + 2d}}\) (đpcm)

đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\left(k\ne0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)

\(\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{bk}{bk-b}\)

\(=\frac{bk}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k}{k-1}\)

\(\frac{c}{c-d}=\frac{dk}{dk-d}=\frac{dk}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k}{k-1}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{c}{c-d}\)

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=bk\\c=dk\end{cases}}\)

=>\(\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{bk}{bk-b}=\frac{bk}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k}{k-1}\)

=> \(\frac{c}{c-d}=\frac{dk}{dk-d}=\frac{dk}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k}{k-1}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{c}{c-d}\)( đpcm )

Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}.\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a}=\frac{d}{c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a}-1=\frac{d}{c}-1\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a}-\frac{a}{a}=\frac{d}{c}-\frac{c}{c}.\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{b-a}{a}=\frac{d-c}{c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{c}{c-d}\left(đpcm\right).\)

Chúc bạn học tốt!

Giải:

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\)

a) Ta có: 

\(\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{bk}{bk+b}=\frac{bk}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{k}{k+1}\) (1)

\(\frac{c}{c+d}=\frac{dk}{dk+d}=\frac{dk}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{k}{k+1}\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}\)

b) Ta có:

\(\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{bk}{bk-b}=\frac{bk}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k}{k-1}\) (1)

\(\frac{c}{c-d}=\frac{dk}{dk-d}=\frac{dk}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k}{k-1}\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{c}{c-d}\)

c) Ta có:

\(\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{bk+b}{bk-b}=\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k+1}{k-1}\) (1)

\(\frac{c+d}{c-d}=\frac{dk+d}{dk-d}=\frac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k+1}{k-1}\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{c+d}{c-d}\)

1)\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}+1=\frac{c}{d}+1\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{b}=\frac{c+d}{d}\)

\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad=bc\Rightarrow ac-ad=ac-bc\Leftrightarrow a\left(c-d\right)=c\left(a-b\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{c}{c-d}\)

2) Gọi độ dài các cạnh của tam giác đó là a,b,c thì a : b : c = 3 : 4 : 5 ; a + b + c = 36

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{4}=\frac{c}{5}=\frac{a+b+c}{3+4+5}=\frac{36}{12}=3\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=3.3=9\\b=3.4=12\\c=3.5=15\end{cases}}\).Vậy tam giác đó có 3 cạnh là 9 cm ; 12 cm ; 15 cm

3)\(\hept{\begin{cases}a:b:c:d=3:4:5:6\\a+b+c+d=3,6\end{cases}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{4}=\frac{c}{5}=\frac{d}{6}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{3+4+5+6}=\frac{3,6}{18}=0,2}\)

=> a = 0,2.3 = 0,6 ; b = 0,2.4 = 0,8 ; c = 0,2.5 = 1 ; d = 0,2.6 = 1,2

4)\(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}:5=\frac{y}{2}:5\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{10}\)

\(\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{7}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{5}:2=\frac{z}{7}:2\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{10}=\frac{z}{14}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{10}=\frac{z}{14}=\frac{x+y+z}{15+10+14}=\frac{184}{39}=4\frac{28}{39}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\frac{28}{39}.15=70\frac{10}{13}\\y=4\frac{28}{39}.10=47\frac{7}{39}\\z=4\frac{28}{39}.14=66\frac{2}{39}\end{cases}}\)

câu 3,4 bạn làm tỉ lệ thức là xong