THAM KHẢO

        The village has always been known to be a place of peace and quiet. The scattered houses among hundreds of plants and trees at once indicate the lack of activity in the village.

        The workers in the village leave their homes early in the morning to work in the plantations or towns nearby. Some have their own plantations, and some make certain arles in their homes to sell them in the towns. A few of the villagers, including women, go out to catch fish in the streams and rivers found in the village. Though the people of the village do not usually earn much, yet they seem to be contented.

        In the afternoon, most of the villagers are at home. Some of them take a nap after lunch; some work in their small gardens, and some visit the small shops in the village. In various parts of the village children may be seen playing the popular games of the village. Occasionally, a cyclist passes by

        Then , in the evening, the villagers meet one another. Some play cards and other types of games peculiar to the village. Some talk about the day's incidents in the village, and those whose minds go beyond the village discuss world events.

         In almost every village there is a headman whose duty is to settle quarrels among the villagers and maintain peace in the village. Whenever there is a dispute, the villagers go to the headman who is held in such esteem that his word has the force or law. In this way the villagers have developed their own simple laws, and the crimes of cities are almost unknown to the people of the village.

        During a festival, the whole village is alive with activities. Everyone is in a happy mood and plays his part to make the festival a success. This is the time for the men, women and children of the village to wear their best clothes and the village is full of colour. These simple ways of life in the village, however, must soon change. Progress in science and education has already begun to affect the outlook of the people in the village, and hundreds are leaving the village to seek their fortunes in the towns and cities.

nhầm, viết lộn sang đây

A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pants Dao always wear white pants."

The traditional clothes of Dao Quan Chat

The Dao have maintained their traditional culture in costumes and language. Although they include many groups living in many different localities, they speak one language.

They have preserved a close-knit community which respects traditional spiritual beliefs and rituals. Ms. Phuong again: "Sorcerers are important people in the Dao group. Sorcerers must be able to read and write the Dao language. The Dao people hold many festivals throughout the year at which they sing in their native language." 

Elderly people in the hamlets teach the children the Dao language from very old books. Dao people also learn the Vietnamese language and languages of neighboring ethnic groups. Ban Van Sang, a Dao Họ, lives in Sơn Hà commune, Bảo Thắng district. "Our children only marry Dao people. Although they can speak Vietnamese fluently, they speak Dao at home. Young people learn Dao from older people. We are fond of learning and we have many books which are carefully stored. We have stories and books about marriage and worshipping rituals. During Tet and other festivals, we gather and read our Dao books. Our children can read and write our language."A small number of the Dao group, who traditionally live in the northern mountain provinces, have migrated to the Central Highlands. There are many subgroups differentiated by habits, customs, and costumes, for example, the Red Dao, Dao Quần Chạt, Dao Lo Ga, White Pants Dao, and Dao Thanh Y.

The Dao Thanh Y girls wear beautiful costume for festival

Each Dao group is easily identified by their costumes. Generally, a woman’s costume includes shirt, skirt, headscarf, a pair of leggings, and jewelry. A man wears a short shirt with a line of buttons. Doctor Vo Mai Phuong of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology says: "The Red Dao people wear red costumes from top to toe. They have red shirts, leggings, pants, headscarves, and belts. The Dao Tien are the only Dao group who wear skirts embroidered with the images of coins. The Dao Quan Chat are also called Sơn Đầu, which means painted head, because the women shave off their hair, paint their heads, and cover their heads with traditional headscarves. The White Pant...