dk \(x+9\ge0;x\ge0;x+1>0< =>x\ge0;\)

\(\sqrt{x+9}-\sqrt{x}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{x+1}}< =>\frac{9}{\sqrt{x+9}+\sqrt{x}}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{x+1}}\)<=> \(9\sqrt{x+1}=2\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{x+9}+\sqrt{x}\right)< =>\)\(81\left(x+1\right)=16x+72+16\sqrt{x\left(x+9\right)}\)

<=> \(65x+9=16\sqrt{x\left(x+9\right)}\)<=> 4225x²+1170x+81= 256x²+144x <=> 3969x²+1026x+81=0 (vô nghiệm)

\(\sqrt{12-\frac{3}{x^2}}=a\left(a\le\sqrt{12}\right);\sqrt{4x^2-\frac{3}{x^2}}=b\left(b\ge0\right)\)

ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=4x^2\\b^2-a^2=4x^2-12\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=4x^2\\\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)=4x^2-12\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=4x^2\\b-a=\frac{4x^2-12}{4x^2}\end{cases}}}\)

<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+a=4x^2\\b-a=1-\frac{3}{x^2}\end{cases}}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}b+a=4x^2\\2b=4x^2+1-\frac{3}{x^2}=b^2+1\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+a=4x^2\\\left(b-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}=>b=1}\)

=> 4x²-\(\frac{3}{x^2}=1=>4x^4-x^2-3=0< =>x^2=1\)=> x=1 hoặc x=-1

thay vào phương trình ban đầu  đều thỏa mãn => pt có 2 nghiệm x=1; x=-1

dk \(\hept{\begin{cases}3x^2-1\ge0\\x^2-x\ge0\end{cases}< =>\orbr{\begin{cases}x\ge1\\x\le\frac{-1}{\sqrt{3}}\end{cases}}}\)(1)

\(< =>2\sqrt{6x^2-2}+2\sqrt{2x^2-2x}-2x\sqrt{2x^2+2}\)=7x²-x+4

<=> (3x²-1)-2\(\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3x^2-1}\)+ 2 + (x²+1)+2x\(\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{x^2+1}\)+2x² + (x²-x) - 2\(\sqrt{2}\sqrt{x^2-x}\)+2 =0

<=> \(\left(\sqrt{3x^2-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}+x\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)+\(\left(\sqrt{x^2-x}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2=0\)

<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{3x^2-1}=\sqrt{2}\\\sqrt{x^2+1}+x\sqrt{2}=0\\\sqrt{x^2-x}=\sqrt{2}\end{cases}}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}3x^2=3\\x^2+1=2x^2\left(x< 0\right)\\x^2-x-2=0\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2=1\\\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\end{cases}< =>x=-1}\) (thỏa mãn điều kiện (1)

vậy x=-1 là nghiệm

Đk: \(\forall x\in R\)

Ta có:\(\sqrt{x^2+1-2x}+\sqrt{x^2+4x+4}=\sqrt{1+2020^2+\frac{2020^2}{2021^2}}+\frac{2020}{2021}\)

<=> \(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)^2}=\sqrt{1+2020^2+2.2020+\frac{2020^2}{2021^2}-2.2020}+\frac{2020}{2021}\)

<=> \(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x+2\right|=\sqrt{\left(1+2020\right)^2+\frac{2020^2}{2021^2}-2.2020}+\frac{2020}{2021}\)

<=> \(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x+2\right|=\sqrt{\left(2021-\frac{2020}{2021}\right)^2}+\frac{2020}{2021}\)

<=> \(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x+2\right|=\frac{2021^2-2020}{2021}+\frac{2020}{2021}\)

<=> \(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x+2\right|=2021\)

Lập bảng xét dầu

x                   -2                   1 

x - 1   -         |           -          0       +

x + 2   -        0         +          |            -

Xét các TH xảy ra :

TH1: x \(\le\)-2 => pt trở thành: 1 - x - x - 2 = 2021

<=> -2x = 2022 <=> x = -1011 (tm)

TH2: \(-2< x\le1\) => pt trở thành: 1 - x + x + 2 = 2021

<=> 0x = 2018 (vô lí) => pt vô nghiệm

TH3: \(x>1\) => pt trở thành: x - 1 + x + 2 = 2021

<=> 2x = 2020 <=> x = 1010 (tm)

Vậy S = {-1011; 1010}