a) PTHH: 2Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2

x___________3x______________1,5x(mol)

Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

y___2y____y______y(mol)

b) Ta có: m(rắn)= mCu=0,4(g)

=> m(Al, Fe)=1,5-mCu=1,5-0,4=1,1(g)

nH2= 0,04(mol)

Ta lập hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=1,1\\1,5x+y=0,04\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mAl=27.0,02=0,54(g)

mFe=56.0,01=0,56(g)

Phần 1 : 

$m_{Cu} = 0,4(gam)$

Gọi $n_{Fe} = a ; n_{Al} = b \Rightarrow 56a + 27b + 0,4 = 1,5 : 2 = 0,75(1)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{896}{1000.22,4} = 0,04(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = -0,025 < 0$

$\to$ Sai đề

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + H₂SO₄ --> FeSO₄ + H₂

_____0,15<--------------0,15<---0,15

=> m_Fe = 0,15.56 = 8,4 (g)

=> m_Cu = 11,6 - 8,4 = 3,2 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{8,4}{11,6}.100\%=72,414\%\\\%Cu=\dfrac{3,2}{11,6}.100\%=27,586\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

m_FeSO4 = 0,15.152 = 22,8 (g)

2Al + 6HCl → 2 A l C l 3 + 3 H 2

a……….3/2.a (mol)

Mg + 2HCl → M g C l 2 +  H 2

b....................b (mol)

4 gam rắn không tan là Cu, gọi số mol của Al và Mg lần lượt là a và b (mol). Ta có:

⇒ % m C u = 4 13 .100 = 30,77 % ⇒ % m A l = 0,2.27 13 .100 = 41,54 % ⇒ % m M g = 100 % − 30,77 % − 41,54 % = 27,69 %

⇒ Chọn C.

Refer

TN1: Gọi (n_Cu, n_Al, n_Fe) = (a,b,c)

=> 64a + 27b + 56c = 14,3 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

             b----------------------->1,5b

            Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

              c----------------------->c

=> 1,5b + c = 0,3 (2)

TN2: Gọi (n_Cu, n_Al, n_Fe) = (ak,bk,ck)

=> ak + bk + ck = 0,6 (3)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}.20\%=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Cu + O₂ --t^o--> 2CuO

            ak--->0,5ak

            4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

           bk--->0,75bk

            3Fe + 2O₂ --t^o--> Fe₃O₄

           ck-->\(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\)

=> 0,5ak + 0,75bk + \(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\) = 0,4 (4)

(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,15\left(mol\right)\\k=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,05.64}{14,3}.100\%=22,38\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{14,3}.100\%=18,88\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{14,3}.100\%=58,74\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

x____2x______x____x(mol)

2 Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2

y____3y______y________1,5y(mol)

b) nH2= 0,05(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=1,66\\x+1,5y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\\y=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mFe=0,02.56= 1,12(g)

mAl=0,02.27=0,54(g)