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1. I’m sure that you didn’t lock the front door. Here is the key.

You can’t ____________________have locked the front door because here is the key______________________________________

2. It was quite unnecessary for you to carry all those parcels home yourself.

You______________________don't have to/ need to carry all those parcels home yourself______________________________________

3. It was careless of you to leave the windows open last night.

You shouldn’t_____________________have left the windows open last night__________________________________

4. I’m sure it wasn’t Mrs. Mai you saw because she is in Boston.

It can’t_________________________have been Mrs.Mai you saw (because she is in Boston)___________________________________

5. I’m sure Alison made arrangement. I recognized her voice.

It must_________________________Have been Alison who made arrangement. I recognized her voice ___________________________________

6. Maybe John’s working this weekend.

John ___________________________may work this weekend_________________________________

7. I’m sure he didn’t know that his brother was seriously ill.

He couldn’t possibly____________________have known that his brother was seriously ill______________________________

8. I didn’t apologize. That was wrong of me.

I should________________________have apologized. That was wrong of me____________________________________

9. I am sure it was Judy that I saw in town this morning

It must______________________ have been Judy that I saw in town this morning______________________________________

10. It wasn’t necessary for me to go out after all.

I needn’t___________________have gone out after all________________________________________

1. It's not worth asking Gorge for help

​2. It can’t have been Mrs Elton you saw because she’s in Brighton.

3. It's not very likely that they will succeed.

4. So as not to disturb the children, we left quietly.

5. It came as no surprise to me that Harry had failed his driving test

6. Had it not been for the famous film star’s attendance, the party wouldn’t have been a success.

7. No matter what I do my parents find fault with it.

8. Get the work finished by lunch time and you can go home

9.Only later did I realise who he was.

10. It is mystery as to what had happened to the climbers

Kiến thức: Cấu trúc phỏng đoán

Giải thích:

Phỏng đoán ở hiện tại:

+ could’nt + V: không thể làm gì

+ mightn’t + V: không thể làm gì

Phỏng đoán trong quá khứ:

+ can’t + have + V.p.p: chắc hẳn là không xảy ra

+ must + have + V.p.p: chắc hẳn đã xảy ra (không dùng mustn’t have V.p.p)

Câu A, C, D sai về ngữ pháp.

Tạm dịch: Tôi chắc chắn rằng người bạn nhìn thấy không phải là cô Katie bởi cô ấy đang ở Na Uy.

Chọn B

Đáp án C

Giải thích: Cấu trúc “Can’t have + PII” dùng để thể hiện một phỏng đoán về một việc không thể xảy ra trong quá khứ.

Dịch nghĩa: Tôi chắc chắn người bạn thấy không phải là ông Phong vì ông ấy đang ở Hà Nội.

A. Người bạn thấy không thể là ông Phong vì ông ấy đang ở Hà Nội.

B. Bạn chắc hẳn đã không nhìn thấy ông Phong vì ông ấy đang ở Hà Nội.

C. Đó không thể là ông Phong vì ông ấy đang ở Hà Nội.

D. Ông Phong đang ở Hà Nội, nên bạn có thể đã nhìn thấy ông ấy

Kiến thức: Động từ khuyết thiếu

Giải thích:

can’t have been: diễn tả độ chắc chắn lên tới 99%

couldn’t be: không thể là

mustn’t have been: chắn hẳn là không

mightn’t be: có thể không

Tạm dịch: Tôi chắc chắn đó không phải là ông Park người mà bạn nhìn thấy ở hội nghị bởi vì hiện tại ông ấy đang ở Seoul.

= A. Bạn không thể nào nhìn thấy ông Park ở hội thảo được vì ông ấy hiện đang ở Seoul.

Chọn A

Đáp án là C. can’t have done: để thể hiện suy đoán không chắc chắn

Đáp án là C. can’t have done: để thể hiện suy đoán không chắc chắn

1 You need to report to the manager when you get to Manchester.
2 We managed to finish a difficult puzzle.
3 Everyone must pay taxes to the government.
4 You are not allowed to go near the launch pad.
5 Andrew didn't reveal the secret to anyone.
6 Robert knows that he was wrong.
7 She came way too early even though she didn't need to be. 
8 I wasn't in my office yesterday, so it's for certain that you spoke to my assistant.
9 It's impossible that you saw Mrs. Elton because she's in Bristol.
10 Nam probably went out with his girlfriend because he wasn't at home either.
11  In the event, we didn't have to take out the extra insurance. 
12 You were wrong when you didn't call the fire brigade immediately.
13 Your sister is destroying her health with a bunch of junk food.
14 She keeps breaking things because she's so clumsy.
15 She drives her brother's car without his permission, which makes him very mad. 
16 She spent all of her money on the new jacket.
17 We must wear school uniform.
18 You don't have to buy me a present.
19 May I use your telephone?
20 Everyone must pay taxes to the government.
21 You are not allowed to go near the launch pad.
22 You should send them an apology letter.
23 You should take legal action.
24 We must follow the law.
25 Sue might be late tonight.

Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi :
1. It was careless of you to leave the window open last night
​-> You should ........have left the windows open last night.......
​2. All that trouble I went to wasn't neccesary in the end
-> I needn't.......have gone to all that troube.......
​3. I'm sure it wasn't Mr.Pike you saw because he is in Bristol
-> It can't ......be Mr.Pike you saw because he is in Bristol.......
4. I'm sure Jack did not break your glasses on purpose
-> Jack must ........have broken your glasses accidently. ........
​5. I'm sure it was Tom who made all this mess
​-> All this mess..........must have been made by Tom ......
6. You are not allowed to leave until you have finished your work
-> You can ...............
​7. I wasn't in the office yesterday, so you must have spoken to my assistant
​-> It must .......be in the office yesterday so it must have been my assistant that you spoke to................
8. I'm sure that she didn't steal the necklace
-> She can't ..........have stolen the necklace.........
9. The thief ran right past you so you must have seen his face
​-> You must ....... have seen the thief's face............

Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi :
1. It was careless of you to leave the window open last night
​-> You should .......not have left the window open last night........
​2. All that trouble I went to wasn't neccesary in the end
-> I needn't.......have gone to all that trouble.......
​3. I'm sure it wasn't Mr.Pike you saw because he is in Bristol
-> It can't ......have been Mr. Pike you saw because he is in Bristol.......
4. I'm sure Jack did not break your glasses on purpose
-> Jack must .......not have broken your glasses on purpose.........
​5. I'm sure it was Tom who made all this mess
​-> All this mess........must have been made by Tom.........
6. You are not allowed to leave until you have finished your work
-> You can ........not leave until you have finished your work.......
​7. I wasn't in the office yesterday, so you must have spoken to my assistant
​-> It must ...........have been you who spoke to my assistant...........
8. I'm sure that she didn't steal the necklace
-> She can't ........have stolen the necklace..........
9. The thief ran right past you so you must have seen his face
​-> You must .........have seen the thief's face because he ran right past you..........