Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for reducing the effects of extreme heat. One adaptation is to be light in color, and to reflect rather than absorb the Sun’s rays. Desert mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice ofmaintaining a constant body temperature. Instead of trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, which would involve the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever height, and temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in Grant’s gazelles. The overheated body then cools down during the cold desert night, and indeed the temperature may fall unusually low by dawn, as   low as 34 degrees Celsius in the camel. This is an advantage since the heat of the first few hours of daylight is absorbed in warming up the body, and an excessive buildup of heat does not begin until well into the day.

Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point that would be fatal for non-adapted animals. The camel can lose up to 30 percent of its body weight as water without harm to itself, whereas human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent of their body weight. An equally important adaptation is the ability to replenish this water loss at one drink. Desert animals can drink prodigious volumes in a short time, and camels have been known to imbibe over 100 liters in a few minutes. A very dehydrated person, on the other hand, cannot drink enough water to rehydrate at one session, because the human stomach is not sufficiently big and because a too rapid dilution of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication. The tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain near a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse and far-flung pastures. Desert-adapted mammals have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated, it is a common experience in people that appetite is lost even under conditions of moderate thirst.

what does the author imply about desert- adapted mammals?

a.they do not need to eat much food 

b.they can eat large quantities quickly

c.they easily lose their appetites 

d.they can travel long distances looking for food

There are ten errors in the following passage. Identify the errors, then underline and correct them. Write your answers in the numbered spaces.

          There are have about 3,000 living languages in the world today, but only six of them ones are major languages of the world. Two upper thirds of the world's population speak those languages. More over than 400 million people speak English as their first or native language. Another than 400 million speak it as a second language. Nobody can knows exactly how many do people speak it as a foreign language. Chinese is the only language with more speakers than the English. This is that because of the huge population of Chinese. It is true that English is the best most widespread language on the Earth. It must is the language of business, technology, sport and    

aviation.

There are ten errors in the following passage. Identify the errors, then underline and correct them. Write your answers in the numbered spaces.

          There are have about 3,000 living languages in the world           0. ______have                                                                                   ______

today, but only six of them ones are major languages of the                                                                                                116. _________________

world. Two upper thirds of the world's population speak those                                                                                       117. _________________

languages. More over than 400 million people speak English                                                                                   118. _________________

as their first or native language. Another than 400 million                                                                                    119. _________________

speak it as a second language. Nobody can knows exactly                                                                                    120. _________________

how many do people speak it as a foreign language. Chinese                                                                                   121. _________________

is the only language with more speakers than the English.                                                                                  122. _________________

This is that because of the huge population of Chinese. It is                                                                                            123. _________________

true that English is the best most widespread language on the                                                                                          124. _________________

Earth. It must is the language of business, technology, sport and                                                                                         125. _________________

aviation.

giúp em với ạ, ỏooo em cảm ơn ạ.

IX. There are ten mistakes in the following passage. Underline them and write your corrections in the numbered space provided. It is very important for use water carefully. Here are some way you can use less water. First, you should be surely you turn of the faucets tightly. They should not drip in the bathroom or kitchen sink. Second, you should not keep the water on in a long time. You should turn it off while you are doing something else. It should be off while you are shaving or washing your teeth. It should also be off while you are washing the dishes. Final, in the summer you should watering the garden in the evening. That way you willl not lose a lot water. During the day the sun dries up the earth too fastly.

1. ……………..                     6. ………… 

2. ……………...                    7. …………………

3. ……………...                    8. ……………

4. ………………                    9. ………………

5. ……………....                   10…………………

Part 4: Complete each sentence with the correct form of ONE of the phrasal verbs below. Write your answers in  the numbered spaces provided below the passage. Each verb is used only once. Write your answers in the  corresponding numbered boxes. (1,5 P) 

  try out         slip up       carry on         get by           put out 

take after    get down     look up       go through      run for  

1. If you’re finding it difficult to _______ on your salary, why don’t you ask for a raise? 

2. I know what you’re _______ and I feel really sorry for you. 

3. In many ways you _______ your father. 

4. If you _______ you’ll get into trouble. 

5. Hilary Clinton has decided to _______the American presidency in the election that will take place next year. 6. You’d better _______ your cigarette because smoking isn’t allowed in here. 

7. If you _______ working so hard, you’ll make yourself ill. 

8. Stop worrying about it. Don’t let this failure _______ you _______. 

9. The car’s in quite good condition but you can _______ it _______ before you make any decision to buy,

10. When I was in New York, I was able to _____ several old friends I hadn’t seen for years. 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, Cy or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living things, the crucial problem of desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare. And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop.

Uncompromising as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable to withstand its desiccating effects. No most skinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat. Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest. Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth. Yet they are not emaciated.

Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word. The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology. None could survive if, like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes. So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground, emerging to hunt only by night. The surface of the sun-baked desert averages around 150 degrees, but 18 inches down the temperature is only 60 degrees.

The phrase “those forms” in the passage refers to all of the followings EXCEPT              .

A. water-loving animals

B. the coyote and the bobcat

C. most-skinned animals

D. many large animals

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living things, the crucial problem of desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare. And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop.

Uncompromising as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable to withstand its desiccating effects. No most skinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat. Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest. Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth. Yet they are not emaciated.

Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word. The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology. None could survive if, like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes. So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground, emerging to hunt only by night. The surface of the sun-baked desert averages around 150 degrees, but 18 inches down the temperature is only 60 degrees.

The phrase “those forms” in the passage refers to all of the followings EXCEPT ___________.

A. water-loving animals

B. the coyote and the bobcat

C. most-skinned animals

D. many large animals

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

  Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living things, the crucial problem of desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare. And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop.

   Uncompromising as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable to withstand its desiccating effects. No moist- skinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat. Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest. Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth. Yet they are not emaciated. Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word. The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology. None could survive if, like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes. So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground, emerging to hunt only by night. The surface of the sun-baked desert averages around 150 degrees, but 18 inches down the temperature is only 60 degrees.

Question: The phrase “those forms” in the passage refers to all of the following EXCEPT

A. moist-skinned animals

B. many large animals

C. water-loving animals

D. the coyote and the bobcat

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living things, the crucial problem of desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare. And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop.

Uncompromising as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable to withstand its desiccating effects. No moist- skinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat. Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest. Its population is largely

nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth. Yet they are not emaciated.

Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word. The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology. None could survive if, like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes. So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground, emerging to hunt only by night. The surface of the sun-baked desert averages around 150 degrees, but 18 inches down the temperature is only 60 degrees.

The phrase “those forms” in the passage refers to all of the following EXCEPT

A. moist-skinned animals

B. many large animals

C. water-loving animals

D. the coyote and the bobcat