a) Áp dụng định lí cosin, ta có:

 \(\begin{array}{l}{a^2} = {b^2} + {c^2} - 2bc.\cos A\\ \Leftrightarrow {a^2} = {8^2} + {5^2} - 2.8.5.\cos {120^ \circ } = 129\\ \Rightarrow a = \sqrt {129} \end{array}\)

Áp dụng định lí sin, ta có:

\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{a}{{\sin A}} = \frac{b}{{\sin B}} = \frac{c}{{\sin C}} \Rightarrow \frac{{\sqrt {129} }}{{\sin {{120}^ \circ }}} = \frac{8}{{\sin B}} = \frac{5}{{\sin C}}\\ \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}\sin B = \frac{{8.\sin {{120}^ \circ }}}{{\sqrt {129} }} \approx 0,61\\\sin C = \frac{{5.\sin {{120}^ \circ }}}{{\sqrt {129} }} \approx 0,38\end{array} \right. \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}\widehat B \approx 37,{59^ \circ }\\\widehat C \approx 22,{41^ \circ }\end{array} \right.\end{array}\)

b) Diện tích tam giác ABC là: \(S = \frac{1}{2}bc.\sin A = \frac{1}{2}.8.5.\sin {120^ \circ } = 10\sqrt 3 \)

c) 

+) Theo định lí sin, ta có: \(R = \frac{a}{{2\sin A}} = \frac{{\sqrt {129} }}{{2\sin {{120}^ \circ }}} = \sqrt {43} \)

+) Đường cao AH của tam giác bằng: \(AH = \frac{{2S}}{a} = \frac{{2.10\sqrt 3 }}{{\sqrt {129} }} = \frac{{20\sqrt {43} }}{{43}}\)

Tham khảo:

Đặt \(AB = c,AC = b,BC = a.\)

Ta có: \(a = 152;\widehat A = {180^o} - ({79^o} + {61^o}) = {40^o}\)

Áp dụng định lí sin, ta có:

\(\frac{a}{{\sin A}} = \frac{b}{{\sin B}} = \frac{c}{{\sin C}} = 2R\)

Suy ra:

\(\begin{array}{l}AC = b = \frac{{a.\sin B}}{{\sin A}} = \frac{{152.\sin {{79}^o}}}{{\sin {{40}^o}}} \approx 232,13\\AB = c = \frac{{a.\sin C}}{{\sin A}} = \frac{{152.\sin {{61}^o}}}{{\sin {{40}^o}}} \approx 206,82\\R = \frac{a}{{2\sin A}} = \frac{{152}}{{2\sin {{40}^o}}} \approx 118,235\end{array}\)

Ta có: = 180⁰ - ( + ) = 40⁰

Áp dụng định lí sin :

= = , ta có:

b = ≈ 212,32cm

c = ≈ 179,40cm

\(A=180-\left(B+C\right)=40^0\)

\(b=\dfrac{a}{sinA}.sinB\approx212.3\left(cm\right)\)

\(c=\dfrac{a}{sinA}.sinC=179,4\left(cm\right)\)

\(R=\dfrac{a}{2sinA}=107\left(cm\right)\)

\(S=\dfrac{abc}{4R}=12235,8\left(cm^2\right)\)

Áp dụng định lí cosin trong tam giác ABC, ta có:

\(\begin{array}{l}{c^2} = {b^2} + {a^2} - 2ab\cos C\\ \Leftrightarrow {c^2} = 26,{4^2} + 49,{4^2} - 2.26,4.49,4\cos {47^ \circ }20'\\ \Rightarrow c \approx 37\end{array}\)

Áp dụng định lí sin, ta có: \(\frac{a}{{\sin A}} = \frac{b}{{\sin B}} = \frac{c}{{\sin C}}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \frac{{49,4}}{{\sin A}} = \frac{{26,4}}{{\sin B}} = \frac{{37}}{{\sin {{47}^ \circ }20'}}\\ \Rightarrow \sin A = \frac{{49,4.\sin {{47}^ \circ }20'}}{{37}} \approx 0,982 \Rightarrow \widehat A \approx {79^ \circ }\\ \Rightarrow \widehat B \approx {180^ \circ } - {79^ \circ } - {47^ \circ }20' = {53^ \circ }40'\end{array}\)

Đáp án B, \(\widehat{C}=\widehat{D}\)

+ a2 = b2 + c2 - 2.bc.cosA = 82 + 52 – 2.5.8.cos120º = 129

⇒ a = √129 cm