\(N=\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^3+\left(bc\right)^3+\left(ca\right)^3}{\left(ab\right)\left(bc\right)\left(ca\right)}\)

Đặt \(\left(ab;bc;ca\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=0\Rightarrow N=\dfrac{x^3+y^3+z^3}{xyz}\)

\(N=\dfrac{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz+3xyz}{xyz}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]+3xyz}{xyz}=\dfrac{3xyz}{xyz}=3\)

Ta có : \(ab+bc+ca=0\)

<=> \(abc\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=0\)

<=> \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\left(\text{vì }a;b;c\ne0\right)\)

<=> \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=-\frac{1}{c}\)

<=> \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^3=\left(-\frac{1}{c}\right)^3\)

<=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{3}{ab}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=-\frac{1}{c^3}\)

<=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=-\frac{3}{ab}.\left(-\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(\text{vì }\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=-\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

<=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)

Khi đó \(P=\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ca}{b^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2}=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)=abc.\frac{3}{abc}=3\)

\(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}=\dfrac{bc}{b+c}=\dfrac{ca}{c+a}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1+1+1}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{3}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{3}{1}=3\)

\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{a^3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=a^3=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3=\dfrac{1}{27}\)

\(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ca}{a+c}\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}=\frac{b+c}{bc}=\frac{c+a}{ac}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow a=b=c\Rightarrow M=1\)