Lời giải:

Với $x$ nguyên, để $\frac{3x-1}{x+2}$ nguyên thì $3x-1\vdots x+2$
$\Leftrightarrow 3(x+2)-7\vdots x+2$
$\Leftrightarrow 7\vdots x+2$
$\Leftrightarrow x+2\in\left\{\pm 1;\pm 7\right\}$

$\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-1;-3; -9; 5\right\}$

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne1\)

Ta có: \(B=\dfrac{x^4-2x^3-3x^2+8x-1}{x^2-2x+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^4-2x^3+x^2-4x^2+8x-4+3}{x^2-2x+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+3}{x^2-2x+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2\cdot\left(x^2-4\right)+3}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)

\(=x^2-4+\dfrac{3}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)

Để B nguyên thì \(3⋮\left(x-1\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\inƯ\left(3\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\in\left\{1;3;-1;-3\right\}\)

mà \(\left(x-1\right)^2>0\forall x\) thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ

nên \(\left(x-1\right)^2\in\left\{1;3\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-1\in\left\{1;9\right\}\)

hay \(x\in\left\{2;10\right\}\) (nhận)

Vậy: \(x\in\left\{2;10\right\}\)

b) Ta có: \(\frac{x^3+x-2}{x^3-3x^2-2x-8}\)

\(=\frac{x^3-1+x-1}{x^3-4x^2+x^2-4x+2x-8}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x-1\right)}{x^2\left(x-4\right)+x\left(x-4\right)+2\left(x-4\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1+1\right)}{\left(x^2+x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)}{\left(x^2+x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x-1}{x-4}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x-4\right)+3}{x-4}=1+\frac{3}{x-4}\)

Để \(\frac{x^3+x-2}{x^3-3x^2-2x-8}\in Z\) <=> \(\frac{3}{x-4}\in Z\)

<=> 3 \(⋮\)x - 4

<=> x - 4 \(\in\)Ư(3) = {1; -1; 3; -3}

Lập bảng: 

Vậy ...

câu a) nữa bạn 

a, để A = \(\dfrac{2}{x+5}\) ϵ Z thì 2 ⋮ x + 5

x + 5  ϵ Ư(2) = { -2; -1; 1; 2)

x ϵ {  -7; -6; -4; -3}

b, để B = \(\dfrac{2x-3}{x+1}\) ϵ Z thì  2x - 3  ⋮ x + 1 ⇔ 2(x+1) - 5 ⋮ x + 1

x + 1  ϵ Ư(5) ={ -5; -1; 1; 5)

x ϵ { -6; -2; 0; 4}

a) 

Để A nguyên \(\Leftrightarrow x^3+x⋮x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1+x+1⋮x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x+1⋮x-1\left(1\right)\)

Vì x nguyên \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1\in Z\\x^2+x+1\in Z\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)⋮x-1\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow x+1⋮x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-1+2⋮x-1\)

Mà \(x-1⋮x-1\)

\(\Rightarrow2⋮x-1\)

\(\Rightarrow x-1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-1;0;2;3\right\}\)

Vậy \(x\in\left\{-1;0;2;3\right\}\)

b) Để B nguyên \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+5⋮2x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8x+10⋮2x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-x\right)-\left(6x-3\right)-\left(x-7\right)⋮2x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x-1\right)-3\left(2x-1\right)-\left(x-7\right)⋮2x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-7\right)⋮2x-1\left(1\right)\)

Vì x nguyên \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-1\in Z\\x-3\in Z\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)⋮2x-1\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và(2) \(\Rightarrow x-7⋮2x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-14⋮2x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1-13⋮2x-1\)

Mà \(2x-1⋮2x-1\)

\(\Rightarrow13⋮2x-1\)

\(\Rightarrow2x-1\inƯ\left(13\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm13\right\}\)

Làm nốt nha các phần còn lại bạn cứ dựa bài mình mà làm