a, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)

b, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}=\dfrac{3a}{4c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}=\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)

c, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)

Ta có \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)

\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)

Do đó \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)

d, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)

Ta có \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot dk}{bd}=k^2\)

\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+d^2k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\)

Do đó \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\dfrac{2a+3b}{2a-3b}=\dfrac{2bk+3b}{2bk-3b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+3\right)}{b\left(2k-3\right)}=\dfrac{2k+3}{2k-3}\left(1\right)\)

\(\dfrac{2c+3d}{2c-3d}=\dfrac{2dk+3d}{2dk-3d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+3\right)}{d\left(2k-3\right)}=\dfrac{2k+3}{2k-3}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\dfrac{2a+3b}{2a-3b}=\dfrac{2c+3d}{2c-3b}\left(=\dfrac{2k+3}{2k-3}\right)\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số băng nhau,ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=>\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=>\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{3b}{3d}=>\dfrac{2a+3b}{2c+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3d}{2c-3d}=>\dfrac{2a+3b}{2a-3b}=\dfrac{2c+3d}{2c-3d}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Cho tỉ lệ thức: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\). Chứng minh rằng:

\(\frac{a^3}{c^3}=\frac{\left(2a-b\right)^3+b^3}{\left(2c-d\right)^3+d^3}\)

BÀI LÀM:

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)

Ta có: \(\frac{\left(2a-b\right)^3+b^3}{\left(2c-d\right)^3+d^3}=\frac{\left(2bk-b\right)^3+b^3}{\left(2dk-d\right)^3+d^3}=\frac{b^3.\left(2k-1\right)^3+b^3}{d^3.\left(2k-1\right)^3+d^3}=\frac{b^3.\left[\left(2k-1\right)^3+1\right]}{d^3.\left[\left(2k-1\right)^3+1\right]}=\frac{b^3}{d^3}\left(1\right)\)

Vì \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) =>  \(\frac{a^3}{c^3}=\frac{\left(2a-b\right)^3+b^3}{\left(2c-d\right)^3+d^3}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}=\dfrac{bk-b}{dk-d}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

\(\dfrac{2a-3b}{2c-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3b}{2dk-3d}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}=\dfrac{2a-3b}{2c-3d}\)

a, ta có :

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{2b}{2d}\)

áp dụng tính chất dă y tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{2b}{2d}=\dfrac{a+2b}{c+2d}=\dfrac{2a-b}{2c-d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+2b}{c+2d}=\dfrac{2a-b}{2c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+2b}{2a-b}=\dfrac{c+2d}{2c-d}\) (ĐPCM)

b, ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{3c}{3d}\)

áp dụng tính chất dă tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{3c}{3d}=\dfrac{a+3c}{b+3d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+3c}{b+3d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+3c\right)\left(b-d\right)=\left(b+3d\right)\left(a-c\right)\) (ĐPCM)

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b.k\\c=d.k\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{2a-3b}=\frac{b.k}{2b.k-3b}=\frac{b.k}{\left(2k-3\right)b}=\frac{k}{2k-3}\left(1\right)\)

\(\frac{c}{2c-3d}=\frac{d.k}{2d.k-3a}=\frac{d.k}{\left(2k-3\right)d}=\frac{k}{2k-3}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{2a-3b}=\frac{c}{2c-3d}\)