\(\begin{array}{l}a)\frac{{4{{\rm{x}}^2} - 1}}{{16{{\rm{x}}^2} - 1}}.\left( {\frac{1}{{2{\rm{x}} + 1}} + \frac{1}{{2{\rm{x}} - 1}} + \frac{1}{{1 - 4{{\rm{x}}^2}}}} \right)\\ = \frac{{4{{\rm{x}}^2} - 1}}{{16{{\rm{x}}^2} - 1}}.\frac{{2{\rm{x}} - 1 + 2{\rm{x}} + 1 - 1}}{{\left( {2{\rm{x}} - 1} \right)\left( {2{\rm{x}} + 1} \right)}}\\ = \frac{{\left( {2{\rm{x}} - 1} \right)\left( {2{\rm{x}} + 1} \right)}}{{\left( {4{\rm{x}} - 1} \right)\left( {4{\rm{x + 1}}} \right)}}.\frac{{4{\rm{x}} - 1}}{{\left( {2{\rm{x}} - 1} \right)\left( {2{\rm{x}} + 1} \right)}}\\ = \frac{1}{{4{\rm{x}} + 1}}\\b)\left( {\frac{{x + y}}{{xy}} - \frac{2}{x}} \right).\frac{{{x^3}{y^3}}}{{{x^3} - {y^3}}}\\ = \frac{{x + y - 2y}}{{xy}}.\frac{{{x^3}{y^3}}}{{{x^3} - {y^3}}}\\ = \frac{{\left( {x - y} \right).{x^3}{y^3}}}{{xy\left( {x - y} \right)\left( {{x^2} + xy + {y^2}} \right)}} = \frac{{{x^2}{y^2}}}{{{x^2} + xy + y{}^2}}\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}a)\frac{{4{\rm{x}} - 6}}{{5{{\rm{x}}^2} - x}}.\frac{{25{{\rm{x}}^2} - 10{\rm{x}} + 1}}{{27 + 8{{\rm{x}}^3}}}\\ = \frac{{ - 2\left( {3 - 2{\rm{x}}} \right)}}{{x\left( {5{\rm{x}} - 1} \right)}}.\frac{{{{\left( {5{\rm{x}} - 1} \right)}^2}}}{{\left( {3 - 2{\rm{x}}} \right)\left( {9 + 6{\rm{x}} + 4{{\rm{x}}^2}} \right)}}\\ = \frac{{ - 2\left( {5{\rm{x}} - 1} \right)}}{{x\left( {9 + 6{\rm{x}} + 4{{\rm{x}}^2}} \right)}}\\b)\frac{{2{\rm{x}} + 10}}{{{{\left( {x - 3} \right)}^2}}}:\frac{{{{\left( {x + 5} \right)}^3}}}{{{x^2} - 9}}\\ = \frac{{2{\rm{x}} + 10}}{{{{\left( {x - 3} \right)}^2}}}.\frac{{{x^2} - 9}}{{{{\left( {x + 5} \right)}^2}}}\\ = \frac{{2\left( {x + 5} \right)\left( {x - 3} \right)\left( {x + 3} \right)}}{{{{\left( {x - 3} \right)}^2}{{\left( {x + 5} \right)}^3}}}\\ = \frac{{2\left( {x + 3} \right)}}{{\left( {x - 3} \right){{\left( {x + 5} \right)}^2}}}\end{array}\)

a, Điều kiện xác định: \(\frac{1}{2}x + \frac{\pi }{4} \ne k\pi  \Leftrightarrow x \ne  - \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi ,k \in \mathbb{Z}.\)

Ta có: \(cot\left( {\frac{1}{2}x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) =  - 1 \Leftrightarrow cot\left( {\frac{1}{2}x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \cot \left( { - \frac{\pi }{4}} \right)\)

\( \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{2}x + \frac{\pi }{4} =  - \frac{\pi }{4} + k\pi  \Leftrightarrow x =  - \pi  + k2\pi ,k \in \mathbb{Z}\,\,(TM).\)

Vậy \(x =  - \pi  + k2\pi ,k \in \mathbb{Z}\,\).

b, Điều kiện xác định: \(3x \ne k\pi  \Leftrightarrow x \ne k\frac{\pi }{3},k \in \mathbb{Z}.\)

\(\;cot3x =  - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3} \Leftrightarrow cot3x = \cot \left( { - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)\)

\( \Leftrightarrow 3x =  - \frac{\pi }{3} + k\pi  \Leftrightarrow x =  - \frac{\pi }{9} + k\frac{\pi }{3},k \in \mathbb{Z}\,\,(TM).\)

Vậy \(x =  - \frac{\pi }{9} + k\frac{\pi }{3},k \in \mathbb{Z}\,\).

\(\begin{array}{l}a)2x + \frac{1}{2} = \frac{7}{9}\\2x = \frac{7}{9} - \frac{1}{2}\\2x = \frac{{14}}{{18}} - \frac{9}{{18}}\\2x = \frac{5}{{18}}\\x = \frac{5}{{18}}:2\\x = \frac{5}{{18}}.\frac{1}{2}\\x = \frac{5}{{36}}\end{array}\)

Vậy \(x = \frac{5}{{36}}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}b)\frac{3}{4} - 6x = \frac{7}{{13}}\\ 6x = \frac{3}{{4}} - \frac{7}{13}\\ 6x = \frac{{39}}{{52}} - \frac{{28}}{{52}}\\ 6x = \frac{{11}}{{52}}\\x = \frac{{11}}{{52}}:6\\x = \frac{{11}}{{52}}.\frac{{1}}{6}\\x = \frac{{11}}{{312}}\end{array}\)

Vậy \(x = \frac{{11}}{{312}}\)

a) Vì \(\sin \frac{\pi }{6} = \frac{1}{2}\) nên ta có phương trình \(sin2x = \sin \frac{\pi }{6}\)

\( \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x = \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \\2x = \pi  - \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{12}} + k\pi \\x = \frac{{5\pi }}{{12}} + k\pi \end{array} \right.\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\)

\(\begin{array}{l}b,\,\,sin(x - \frac{\pi }{7}) = sin\frac{{2\pi }}{7}\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x - \frac{\pi }{7} = \frac{{2\pi }}{7} + k2\pi \\x - \frac{\pi }{7} = \pi  - \frac{{2\pi }}{7} + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{{3\pi }}{7} + k2\pi \\x = \frac{{6\pi }}{7} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}\;c)\;sin4x - cos\left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow sin4x = cos\left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow sin4x = \sin \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - x - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow sin4x = \sin \left( {\frac{\pi }{3} - x} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}4x = \frac{\pi }{3} - x + k2\pi \\4x = \pi  - \frac{\pi }{3} + x + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{15}} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{5}\\x = \frac{{2\pi }}{9} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

a) Cách 1:

\(\begin{array}{l}(8 + 2\frac{1}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + 0,4) - (3\frac{1}{3} - 2)\\ = (8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + \frac{4}{{10}}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - 2)\\ = 8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5} - 5 - \frac{2}{5} - \frac{{10}}{3} + 2\\ = (8 - 5 + 2) + (\frac{7}{3} - \frac{{10}}{3}) - (\frac{3}{5} + \frac{2}{5})\\ = 5 + \frac{{ - 3}}{3} - \frac{5}{5}\\ = 5 + ( - 1) - 1\\ = 3\end{array}\)

Cách 2:

\(\begin{array}{l}(8 + 2\frac{1}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + 0,4) - (3\frac{1}{3} - 2)\\ = (8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + \frac{4}{{10}}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - 2)\\ = (\frac{{120}}{{15}} + \frac{{35}}{{15}} - \frac{9}{{15}}) - (\frac{{25}}{5} + \frac{2}{5}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - \frac{6}{3})\\ = \frac{{146}}{{15}} - \frac{{27}}{5} - \frac{4}{3}\\ = \frac{{146}}{{15}} - \frac{{81}}{{15}} - \frac{{20}}{{15}}\\ = \frac{{45}}{{15}}\\ = 3\end{array}\)

b)

\(\begin{array}{l}(7 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{3}{4}):(5 - \frac{1}{4} - \frac{5}{8})\\ = (\frac{{28}}{4} - \frac{2}{4} - \frac{3}{4}):(\frac{{40}}{8} - \frac{2}{8} - \frac{5}{8})\\ = \frac{{23}}{4}:\frac{{33}}{8}\\ = \frac{{23}}{4}.\frac{8}{{33}}\\ = \frac{{46}}{{33}}\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}a){( - 2)^3}.{( - 2)^4} = {( - 2)^{3 + 4}} = {( - 2)^7}\\b){(0,25)^7}:{(0,25)^3} = {(0,25)^{7 - 3}} = {(0,25)^4}\end{array}\)

a, ĐK: \(cos\left(x\right)\ne0\Leftrightarrow x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)

Vậy tập xác định của hàm số là: \(D=R\backslash\left\{\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi,k\in Z\right\}\)

b, ĐK: \(cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\ne0\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\ne\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\Leftrightarrow x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\)

Vậy tập xác định của hàm số là \(D=R\backslash\left\{\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi,k\in Z\right\}\)

c, ĐK: \(2-sin^2\left(x\right)\ne0\Leftrightarrow sin^2\left(x\right)\ne2\)

Vì \(0\le sin^2\left(x\right)\le1\Rightarrow sin^2\left(x\right)\ne2\forall x\) 

Vậy tập xác định của hàm số là \(D=R\)

\(\begin{array}{l}a)\frac{x}{{ - 3}} = \frac{7}{{0,75}}\\ \Rightarrow x.0,75 = ( - 3).7\\ \Rightarrow x = \frac{{( - 3).7}}{{0,75}} =  - 28\end{array}\)

Vậy x = 28

\(\begin{array}{l}b) - 0,52:x = \sqrt {1,96} :( - 1,5)\\ - 0,52:x = 1,4:( - 1,5)\\ x = \dfrac{(-0,52).(-1,5)}{1,4}\\x = \frac{39}{{70}}\end{array}\)

Vậy x = \(\frac{39}{{70}}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}c)x:\sqrt 5  = \sqrt 5 :x\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{x}{{\sqrt 5 }} = \frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{x}\\ \Rightarrow x.x = \sqrt 5 .\sqrt 5 \\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} = 5\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ {_{x =  - \sqrt 5 }^{x = \sqrt 5 }} \right.\end{array}\)

Vậy x \( \in \{ \sqrt 5 ; - \sqrt 5 \} \)

Chú ý:

Nếu \({x^2} = a(a > 0)\) thì x = \(\sqrt a \) hoặc x = -\(\sqrt a \)

a: \(\dfrac{x}{-3}=\dfrac{7}{0.75}=\dfrac{28}{3}\)

=>\(x=\dfrac{28\left(-3\right)}{3}=-28\)

b: \(-\dfrac{0.52}{x}=\dfrac{\sqrt{1.96}}{-1.5}=\dfrac{1.4}{-1.5}\)

=>\(x=0.52\cdot\dfrac{1.5}{1.4}=\dfrac{39}{70}\)

c: \(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{x}\)

=>\(x^2=5\)

=>\(x=\pm\sqrt{5}\)