1: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)-\left(x-3\right)\left(5x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(-4x+1\right)=0\)

hay \(x\in\left\{3;\dfrac{1}{4}\right\}\)

2: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-2x+16\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1-x^2+2x-16\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(3x-15\right)=0\)

hay \(x\in\left\{1;5\right\}\)

3: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(4x^2-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)=0\)

hay \(x\in\left\{1;\dfrac{1}{2};-\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)

4: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+4\right)-9\left(x+4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)

hay \(x\in\left\{-4;3;-3\right\}\)

5: \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+5=x-1\\3x+5=1-x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=-6\\4x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

6: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(6x+3\right)^2-\left(2x-10\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(6x+3-2x+10\right)\left(6x+3+2x-10\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+13\right)\left(8x-7\right)=0\)

hay \(x\in\left\{-\dfrac{13}{4};\dfrac{7}{8}\right\}\)

1.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(5x-2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+3=5x-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x=5\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{4}\)

2.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-2x+16\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+1=x^2-2x+16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x=15\Leftrightarrow x=5\)

3.

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(4x^2-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{2};x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

7.

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-15=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

8.\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+x^3+4x^3+4x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x+1\right)+4x^2\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+4x^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=0;x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

9.\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+2=3-2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(A=5x^3-7x^2+3x^3-4x^2+x^2-x^3+5x-1=7x^3-10x^2+5x-1\)

\(B=5x^3+3x^2-7x^4-5x^3+4x^2-x^4+3=-8x^4+7x^2+3\)

\(A=7x^3-10x^2+5x-1\)

\(B=-8x^4+7x^2+3\)

a) Ta có: \(x^3+x^2+x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)

mà \(x^2+1>0\forall x\)

nên x+1=0

hay x=-1

Vậy: S={-1}

b) Ta có: \(x^3-6x^2+11x-6=0\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-x^2-5x^2+5x+6x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)-5x\left(x-1\right)+6\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-5x+6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x-2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={1;2;3}

c) Ta có: \(x^3-x^2-21x+45=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+2x^2-6x-15x+45=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-3\right)+2x\left(x-3\right)-15\left(x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+2x-15\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+5x-3x-15\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2\cdot\left(x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={3;-5}

d) Ta có: \(x^4+2x^3-4x^2-5x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^3+4x^3-8x^2+4x^2-8x+3x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)+4x^2\cdot\left(x-2\right)+4x\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3+4x^2+4x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3+3x^2+x^2+4x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x+3\right)+\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)

mà \(x^2+x+1>0\forall x\)

nên (x-2)(x+3)=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={2;-3}

a: \(x^2-y^2-x-y\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)

f: \(x^3-5x^2-5x+1\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-5x\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-6x+1\right)\)

Điều kiện:  x 3 − 4 x 2 + 5 x − 2 ≥ 0 2 − x ≥ 0 ⇔ x − 1 2 x − 2 ≥ 0 x ≤ 2 ⇔ x = 1 x = 2

Thay x = 1  và  x = 2 vào phương trình thấy chỉ có  x = 1 thỏa mãn.

Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất.

Đáp án cần chọn là: B

1.

a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+3x+2\right)+\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-3x+2\right)-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+2\right)+3x\left(x+1\right)-3x\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+2\right)-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x^2+2\right)+6x^2-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2+2x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+4x+6\right)=0\Rightarrow x=1\)

b/ Nhận thấy \(x=0\) ko phải nghiệm, chia 2 vế cho \(x^2\)

\(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+3\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+4=0\)

Đặt \(x+\frac{1}{x}=t\Rightarrow x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=t^2-2\)

\(t^2-2+3t+4=0\Rightarrow t^2+3t+2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-1\\t=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}=-1\\x+\frac{1}{x}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x+1=0\left(vn\right)\\x^2+2x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=-1\)

1c/

\(\Leftrightarrow x^5+x^4-2x^4-2x^3+5x^3+5x^2-2x^2-2x+x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4\left(x+1\right)-2x^3\left(x+1\right)+5x^2\left(x+1\right)-2x\left(x+1\right)+x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^4-2x^3+5x^2-2x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x^4-2x^3+5x^2-2x+1=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^3+x^2+x^2-2x+1+3x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+3x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x=0\\x-1=0\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) không tồn tại x thỏa mãn

Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=-1\)

2.

a. \(x^4-x^3+x^2+x^2-x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)+x^2-x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+1=0\left(vn\right)\\x^2-x+1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy pt vô nghiệm

b.

\(x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^3+1\right)+x^3+1+x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)+x^2=0\)

Mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)\ge0\\x^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nên dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\) ko tồn tại x thỏa mãn