a) 

2 9 − 7 8 . x = 1 3          7 8 . x =   2 9 − 1 3          7 8 . x = − 1 3               x   =   − 1 3 : 7 8               x   =   − 8 21

b)

4 5 + 5 7 : x = 1 6          5 7 : x   =   1 6 − 4 5          5 7 : x   =   − 19 30                 x   =   5 7 : − 19 30                x = − 150 133  

a) 87 x (-78) + 78 x 31 - 78 x (-156)

= (-87 + 31 + 156) x 78

=  100 x 78

= 7800

b) -178 x (-35 - 78) - 78 x (178 + 35)

= -178 x (-113) - 78 x 213

= 20114 - 16614

= 3500

a) \(39\times118+29\times82\)

\(=39\times2\times59+29\times2\times41\)

\(=2\times\left(39\times59+29\times41\right)\)

\(=2\times\left(2301+1189\right)\)

\(=2\times3490\)

\(=6980\)

b) \(37\times39+78\times14-13\times85-52\times55\)

\(=37\times3\times13+6\times13\times14+13\times85-4\times13\times55\)

\(=13\times\left(37\times3+6\times14+85-4\times55\right)\)

\(=13\times\left(111+84+85-220\right)\)

\(=13\times\left(280-220\right)\)

\(=13\times60\)

\(=780\)

c) \(368:16+752:16+480:16\)

\(=\left(368+752+480\right):16\)

\(=\left(1120+480\right):16\)

\(=1600:16\)

\(=100\)

d) \(5\times11\times18+9\times31\times10+4\times29\times45\)

\(=5\times11\times9\times2+9\times31\times10+2\times2\times29\times5\times9\)

\(=10\times9\times11+10\times9\times31+10\times29\times2\times9\)

\(=90\times11+90\times31+90\times29\times2\)

\(=90\times\left(11+31+29\times2\right)\)

\(=90\times\left(42+58\right)\)

\(=90\times100\)

\(=9000\)

a ) x = − 91 60 . b ) x = − 8 9 . c ) x = 35 19 . d ) x = 3 7 .

a) Ta có: \(\frac{x-91}{37}+\frac{x-86}{42}+\frac{x-78}{50}+\frac{x-49}{79}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-91}{37}-1+\frac{x-86}{42}-1+\frac{x-78}{50}-1+\frac{x-49}{79}-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-91-37}{37}+\frac{x-86-42}{42}+\frac{x-78-50}{50}+\frac{x-49-79}{79}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-128}{37}+\frac{x-128}{42}+\frac{x-128}{50}+\frac{x-128}{79}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-128\right)\left(\frac{1}{37}+\frac{1}{42}+\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{79}\right)=0\)

Vì \(\frac{1}{37}+\frac{1}{42}+\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{79}>0\)

nên x-128=0

hay x=128

Vậy: x=128

b) Ta có: \(\frac{x-29}{1970}+\frac{x-27}{1972}+\frac{x-25}{1974}+\frac{x-23}{1976}+\frac{x-1970}{29}+\frac{x-1972}{27}+\frac{x-1974}{25}+\frac{x-1976}{23}-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-29}{1970}-1+\frac{x-27}{1972}-1+\frac{x-25}{1974}-1+\frac{x-23}{1976}-1+\frac{x-1970}{29}-1+\frac{x-1972}{27}-1+\frac{x-1974}{25}-1+\frac{x-1976}{23}-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-29-1970}{1970}+\frac{x-27-1972}{1972}+\frac{x-25-1974}{1974}+\frac{x-23-1976}{1976}+\frac{x-1970-29}{29}+\frac{x-1972-27}{27}+\frac{x-1974-25}{25}+\frac{x-1976-23}{23}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1999\right)\left(\frac{1}{1970}+\frac{1}{1972}+\frac{1}{1974}+\frac{1}{1976}+\frac{1}{29}+\frac{1}{27}+\frac{1}{25}+\frac{1}{23}\right)=0\)

Vì \(\frac{1}{1970}+\frac{1}{1972}+\frac{1}{1974}+\frac{1}{1976}+\frac{1}{29}+\frac{1}{27}+\frac{1}{25}+\frac{1}{23}>0\)

nên x-1999=0

hay x=1999

Vậy: x=1999

a) Ta có \(\frac{x-91}{37}+\frac{x-86}{42}+\frac{x-78}{50}+\frac{x-49}{79}\)=4

<=>\(\frac{x-91}{37}+\frac{x-86}{42}+\frac{x-78}{50}+\frac{x-49}{79}-4=0\)

<=>\(\frac{x-91}{37}-1+\frac{x-86}{42}-1+\frac{x-78}{50}-1+\frac{x-49}{79}-1=0\)

<=>\(\frac{x-128}{37}+\frac{x-128}{42}+\frac{x-128}{50}+\frac{x-128}{79}=0\)

<=>(x-128)\(\left(\frac{1}{37}+\frac{1}{42}+\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{79}\right)=0\)

Vì \(\frac{1}{37}+\frac{1}{42}+\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{79}>0\)=>x-128=0<=>x=128

b)Tương tự

<=>x-128=0

<=>x=128

Chú ý \(\frac{1}{37}+\frac{1}{42}+\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{79}\)>0

b)tương tự