X. Read the passage carefully and do the tasks.
There are many kinds of pollution. Air, water, and land can be polluted. Some pollution is caused by
nature, such as foods, forest fires, and volcanoes. People are the major Cause of pollution. We pollute the
air with our cars, homes, and factories. Smoke from factories and car exhaust makes the air looks gray and
smoggy. Some people cannot go outside when the air is very bad! We pollute the water by dumping
garbage and Chemicals in the water. Plants and animals die because of the pollution in the water. We
pollute the soil with Chemicals and garbage. We harm the land by cutting down trees in the forest,
especially to build roads and new houses without careful planning and thinking.
The only way to save our environment is to think about pollution. How can you stop or limit pollution?
How do we protect our environment? Conservation is one way to protect our environment. Conservation is
the wise use and protection of our environment. We can control water pollution by not producing as much
as waste and by proper disposal of sewage and garbage. We can take care of recreation land by cleaning up,
after ourselves and not causing more pollution. Carpooling and public transportation will help reduce air
pollution.
Recycling is a type of conservation. Recycling is reusing items over again or in a new way. Recycling can
help us conserve our natural resources so they will last many more years. A. Find the word in bold in the
passage that means:
1. the protection of the natural environment ____
2. have a bad effect on something ____
3. a large amount of water covering an, area that usually dry ____
4. sharing a car ride with other people ____
5. waste gases that come out of an engine ____
6. the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty ____
7. get rid of ____
B. Choose the correct answers.
1. According to the passage, pollution________
A. is always caused by humans. B. can only be caused by nature.
C. is mainly caused by humans. D. may sometimes cause natural disasters.
2. What kind of pollution may a car cause?
A. Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Soil pollution D. Light pollution
3. Which of the followings is not an example of soil pollution?
A. Land development B. Waste disposal
C. Pesticide or fertilizer use D. Exhaust from traffic
4. How can we help save our environment?
A. Stop pollution. B. Dump garbage into the river.
C. Drive cars everywhere. D. Cut down trees in the forests.
5. How does recycling help the environment?
A. It expands landfills. B. It saves natural resources.
C. It increases water pollution. D. It causes air pollution.

6. What can we do to help reduce air pollution?
A. Walk or bike B. Carpool to work or school
C. Use public transport D. All of the above
7. What is the main idea of this article?
A.The air is dirty because of cars and factories. B. The soil gets polluted from littering.
C.People cause pollution, but they can also stop or limit it.
D. Conservation is the only way to stop environmental pollution.

Rewrite the following sentences without changing the meanings

1. They provided food then cleared up the debris.

-> After …………………………………………………

2. They had repaired their house before the typhoon came.

-> Their house  ……………………………………………………

3. We must conserve water. Otherwise we will face serious water shortages.

-> IF  ………………………………………………………….

4. The weather was awful. We didn’t enjoy our camping holiday.

-> BECAUSE OF……………………………………………

5. Plastic bags are non-biodegradable. They will remain in the environment for many years.

Plans grow(46) almost every part of the world. We see(47) plants as flowers, glass, and tree nearly every day. Plants grow high on moutaintops, far in the oceans, and in many deserts and(48) regions

Without plants, there could be not life on earth. Man could not live without air of food and so he could not live without plants. The oxygen in the air we breathe comes from plants. The food we eat also comes from plants or from animals that eat plants. We build houses and make many(49) products from lumber cut from trees. (50) of our clothing is made from the fitbers of the cotton plants.

Scientists belive there are more than 350,000 species of plants, but no one knowns for(51). Some of the smallest plants, called diatoms, can be seen only with a(52). A drop of the water may hould as many as 500 diatoms. The largest living things are the giant sequoia trees of California. Some of them stand more than 290 feet high and measure over 30 feet wide

Scientist(53) all living things into two main groups - plants and animals. It is usually easy to tell the two(54). Almost all kinds of plants stay in one place, but nearly all species of animals move about under their own power. Most plants make their own food from air, sunglight, and water. Animals cannot make their own food. The basic units of all life, called cells, are also different in plants and animals. Most plants have thick wall that(55) a material called cellulost. Animal cells dl not have this material.

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One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is basic human right. But acid rain, industrial pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools of poison. Lake Baikal in Russia is one of the largest lakes in the world. It contains a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist anywhere else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of industrial effluent which pours into the lake everyday. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them. Most industries simply ignore the regulations. The Mediterranean Sea occupies 1% of the world’s water surface. But it is the dumping ground for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles off shore.

Water is free to everyone. A few years ago people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been ruined by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious source. We should do something now.

1. According to the writer, one environmental problem in the world today is ________ .

A. acid rain B. industrial pollution.

C. safe water shortage. D. population explosion .

2. Many sources of water are not drinkable because of _______ .

A. acid rain. B. industrial pollution.

C. garbage D. all A, B, C, are correct

3. What is serious problem of Lake Baikal in Russia?

A. It contains a rich variety of animals and plants.

B. It is polluted by massive volumes of industrial wastes discharged into it .

C. It has 1,300 rare species that do not exist anywhere else in the world .

D. The government did not have the power to enforce laws and regulations.

4. How many countries throw industrial waste into the Mediterranean Sea regularly?

A. nearly 16 B. exactly 16.

C. exactly 15 D. less than 15.

5. What is the message to the reader?

A. We should take action to protect our water resources.

B. We should take all water resources into account.

C. We should limit the use of water resources.

D. We should encourage people to use safe water.

1) we should eat a moderate amount of fatty food and ....

A. sugar               B. iced tea               C. water                   D. juice

2) with satellite and............ TV, it's possible to choose from a wide variety of programs 

A. arcade              B. contestant            C. cable             D. inventor

3) in .......... amounts, sugar is good for our health

A. moderate           B.  dairy                    C.balanced         D. tasty 

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