a) Áp dụng BĐT Svácxơ, ta có:

\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{9}{6}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)

b) Áp dụng BĐT Svácxơ, ta có:

\(\dfrac{a^2}{c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a}+\dfrac{c^2}{b}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}=a+b+c=6\)

Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)

Lời giải:
a. Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:

$\frac{1}{a}+\frac{a}{4}\geq 1$

$\frac{1}{b}+\frac{b}{4}\geq 1$

$\frac{1}{c}+\frac{c}{4}\geq 1$

Cộng theo vế:
$\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{a+b+c}{4}\geq 3$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{6}{4}\geq 3$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\geq \frac{3}{2}$ (đpcm) 

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=2$
b.

Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:

$\frac{a^2}{c}+c\geq 2a$

$\frac{b^2}{a}+a\geq 2b$

$\frac{c^2}{b}+b\geq 2c$

$\Rightarrow \frac{a^2}{c}+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c^2}{b}+(c+a+b)\geq 2(a+b+c)$

$\Rightarrow \frac{a^2}{c}+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c^2}{b}\geq a+b+c=6$ (đpcm) 

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=2$

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(\left(a+1\right)^2+b^2+1=a^2+2a+1+b^2+1=\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2a+2\ge2\left(ab+a+1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2+b^2+1}\le\frac{1}{2\left(ab+a+1\right)}\)(1)

\(\left(b+1\right)^2+c^2+1=b^2+2b+1+c^2+1=\left(b^2+c^2\right)+2b+2\ge2\left(bc+b+1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(b+1\right)^2+c^2+1}\le\frac{1}{2\left(bc+b+1\right)}\)(2)

\(\left(c+1\right)^2+a^2+1=c^2+2c+1+a^2+1=\left(c^2+a^2\right)+2c+2\ge2\left(ca+c+1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(c+1\right)^2+a^2+1}\le\frac{1}{2\left(ca+c+1\right)}\)(3)

Cộng vế theo vế của (1) ; (2) ; (3) ta được:

\(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2+b^2+1}+\frac{1}{\left(b+1\right)^2+c^2+1}+\frac{1}{\left(c+1\right)^2+a^2+1}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=b=1\)

ẹc mình lớp 7