Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có

\(VT:\frac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\frac{b^{2018}\cdot k^{2018}+d^{2018}\cdot k^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\frac{k^{2018}\left(b^{2018}+d^{2018}\right)}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=k^{2018}\)

\(VP:\frac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\frac{\left(bk+dk\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\frac{k^{2018}\cdot\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=k^{2018}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT=VP\)

Hay \(\frac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\frac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\) (1)

a) Từ (1) ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk+b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{c}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\) (3)

Từ (2) và (3) suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)

b) Từ (1) ta có:

\(\dfrac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\dfrac{b^{2018}.k^{2018}+d^{2018}.k^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\dfrac{k^{2018}\left(b^{2018}+d^{2018}\right)}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=k^{2018}\) (4)

\(\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\dfrac{\left(bk+dk\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\dfrac{\left[k\left(b+d\right)\right]^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=k^{2018}\) (5)

Từ (4) và (5) suy ra \(\dfrac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}\)

với c=0=>a=0 đẳng thức đúng

với c khác 0 ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^{2018}}{\left(c-d\right)^{2018}}=\frac{a^{2018}}{c^{2018}}=\frac{b^{2018}}{d^{2018}}=\frac{a^{2018}+b^{2018}}{c^{2018}+d^{2018}}\)

=>\(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^{2018}}{\left(c-d\right)^{2018}}=\frac{a^{2018}+b^{2018}}{c^{2018}+d^{2018}}\)